在充分认知生物质原料在化学成分、结构组成、酶解及发酵性能上的不均一性的基础上，提出“组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用”的生物质炼制新途径，即最大限度保持生物质大分子原有结构、尽可能激活适于酶解组分的生物活性，同时实现中间产物最大价值化。基于生物质原料特性、转化过程和产品要求的关联，笔者创新性地构建了多条生物质炼制产业链，验证了生物质“组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用”的生物质炼制工业技术体系的可行性、合理性和可靠性。“组分选择性拆分-功能经济性利用”是突围生物质炼制生物燃料、生物材料和生物化学品的经济技术问题的必由之路。

In this paper，an innovative biomass- refining path called“selective- fractionation and economical-functionality”was proposed，based on the recognition of heterogeneity of biomass，which in the purpose to as far as possible retain the original features of macromolecules，activate and improve the biotransformation performance of components suitable for enzymatic hydrolysis，maximize the value of intermediate products. According to the association of raw material features，conversion processes and products requirement，diversified biomass refining paths have been established to prove the feasibility，reasonability and reliability of“selectivefractionation and economical- functionality”. In conclusion，“selective- fractionation and economical-functionality”of lignocellulosic materials would be the novel way to break through the tight economic and technological predicament of biomass economy.