分析了偏远岛礁依靠大陆船运送水的远距离供水保障模式在复杂军事斗争环境和台风频发环境存在的主要问题，提出了能提高岛礁独立生存能力的淡水自给自足的保障模式，重点探讨了利用雨水收集和可再生能源发电制水这两种方式解决偏远岛礁就地供水保障问题的特点、互补性、具体方式和技术途径。研究表明，采用“珊瑚沙滩浅层暗湖雨水收集利用系统”和“光伏直接供能反渗透海水淡化系统”这两种具体的淡水就地保障模式具有很高的发展潜能，特别是其联合工作模式具有较强的互补性和可靠性，适合在偏远岛礁推广应用。

This paper analyzed the main problems of remote islands on long- distance water supply from the mainland by shipping in typhoon-prone environment. The freshwater protection mode of self-sufficiency in situ was proposed. The features，complementarities，specific methods and technical means of water supply problems in situ of remote islands and reefs by two methods of rainwater harvesting and desalination by renewable energy power generation system were discussed. Research shows that the two specific fresh water supply modes of“the underground shallow lake rainwater harvesting system in coral sand beach”and“the reverse osmosis desalination systems powered directly by photovoltaic energy”have complementary and a high development potential，which are suitable for application in remote islands.