采用以院为基础的病例对照研究，在福建省妇幼保健院(三级甲等医院)募集新近发生的69 例胎儿先天性心脏病病例，以1∶1 配对的方法设立对照组，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪分析方法，测定病例组和对照组孕妇孕期头发中锑、锌、铜、铁、铅等元素的含量，并问卷调查孕早期危险因素的暴露情况，用SPSS19.0 Cox 比例风险模型进行流行病学多因素分析。孕妇发锑含量偏高(相对危险度的比值比(OR) =33.833；95 %可信区间(CI)：4.060～281.929)、孕期使用不锈钢餐具(OR=8.981，95 % CI：1.085～74.327)、居所周围50 m有马路(OR=11.067，95 % CI：1.025～119.521)是先天性心脏病的危险因素。孕期锑负荷增加可能是先天性心脏病的原因之一。

Using 69 paired cases and controls，a 1∶1 matched case control study was carried out in Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital. Factors were obtained by field investigation with standardized questionnaires and hair trace element (Sb，Zn，Cu，Fe，Pb，etc.) levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- MS) methods. The SPSS 19.0 Cox proportional hazard model was used to perform risk factors analysis. Results ：The antinomy contents from congenital heart disease (CHD) groups’hairs were significantly higher than that from control group (P=0.000). The larger antinomy content in pregnant women’s hair may expose their babies to a higher risk of CHD (odds ratio(OR)=33.833；95 % confidence interval (CI)：4.060～281.929). Using stainless steel tableware after the first three weeks of pregnancy (OR=8.981，95 % CI：1.085～74.327) and living around 50 m from the road (OR=11.067，95 % CI：1.025～119.521) turn out to be the major risk factors of CHD. The increase of antinomy content in pregnant women’s hair may be a risk factor of CHD.