随着高速铁路快速发展，大量高速列车投入运营带来了能源消耗与环境保护等一系列问题。本文系统阐述了高速列车的能耗组成、权重及影响因素，进一步详细论证了高速列车节能降耗的关键技术。从低阻力技术、高能效牵引技术和能量回收再利用与综合管理等方面详细论证了节能降耗效果，有力推动我国高速列车的绿色、节能、环保的发展，持续提高我国高速列车高能效水平。

With the rapid development of high-speed railway，a large number of high-speed train operation brings a series of problems of energy consumption and environmental protection etc. This paper describes the system energy consumption of high-speed train composition，proportion and the influence factors，further expounded the key technology of high-speed train energy consumption. It explicitly introduces the key technologies of energy saving and consumption reducing and also discusses in details the effects of the energy saving from the low resistance technology，high energy efficiency traction technology and recycling and management of energy recovery. The application of these technologies will strongly promote the development of high-speed trains and continue to improve high-speed train’s high energy efficiency level. [Key words] high-speed train；saving energy and reducing consumption；high energy efficiency