能源是人类社会文明演进的前提和基础，能源发展是生态文明建设的重要组成部分，能源生产利用方式的变革创新是经济社会转型升级的关键。本文阐述了生态文明与能源变革的社会作用，分析了我国能源发展与发达国家之间的差距及存在问题，并根据未来国际能源发展总体趋势，阐述了我国能源发展面临的挑战和机遇。结合能源需求预测分析，指出我国能源变革的必要性，为我国生态文明建设与能源发展和变革提供战略决策及参考依据。

Energy is the premise and foundation for the evolution of human society civilization, and its development plays an important role in ecological civilization construction. Meanwhile, the innovation of energy production and utilization modes are also the keys to economic and social transformation and upgrading. This research states the social function of ecological civilization and energy innovation, and analyzes the gap in energy development between China and the developed countries and the problems. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities faced by China’s energy development are summarized on basis of the general developing trend of future world energy. Along with the analysis on energy demand forecast, the necessity of China’s energy transformation is clearly stated to provide fundamental references for strategic decision-making in China’s ecological civilization construction and energy development and transformation.