高耗能行业不仅能耗高也是能源密集型产业，并且煤和电占据行业能源消费结构中的主导地位。高耗能行业面对能源资源供应紧张、降低能耗以及低碳可持续发展的迫切需要，必须优先节能，并要重视和发展煤炭利用过程中的节能战略。本文围绕我国石化、钢铁、建材、化工、有色金属、造纸、纺织七个高耗能行业煤炭利用过程中的节能问题开展研究，突出发展要以节能为本的重要理念，在系统掌握当前我国高耗能行业煤炭利用情况的基础上，比较分析国内外技术水平的差距；通过运用态势（SWOT）分析法及产业技术路线图研究，总结各行业在节能方面面临的挑战和机

High-energy consuming industries are typically energy-intensive, and it is worthy of noting that coal and electricity play dominant role in energy consumption structure for these industries. Under the circumstances of energy resources shortage as well as the urgent needs for energy-consuming reduction and low-carbon sustainable development, energy conservation, along with significant emphasis on energy saving strategy in coal utilization should be prior to other solutions. This paper studys the energy saving issues in seven industries including petrochemistry, iron & steel, building materials, chemistry, non-ferrous metals, papermaking and textile, and highlights the concept of energy-convservation-oriented development. With comprehensive recognition of current coal utilization in energy-intensive industries, the technical gaps between home and abroad are further analyzed. Subsequently, the SWOT analysis and research on industrial technology roadmaps are applied for elaborating various challenges and chances for these industries, thereby leading to the effective energy-saving paths and major technical development directions. Finally, the role of energy conservation in coal utilization was emphasized regarding to its great significance for sustainable development of the high-energy consuming industries.