There are four major issues in current status of resources, ecology, environment in China, including the environmental pollution, soil erosion, floods and droughts disaster, and biodiversity loss. This paper comprehensively evaluates the ecological and environmental security in terrestrial ecosystems in China, based on 16 indicators including security of water, land, atmosphere, and biomass resources. According to similarities and differences of the ecological and environmental macro-zonal distribution, the terrestrial ecosystems in China is divided into 10 one-level regions and 54 two-level regions, major ecological and environmental problems are analyzed, and proposals for realizing re-balance strategy of human and nature are put forward.