An integrated transport system comprises various modes of transportation such as railways, highways, waterways, and aviation, and improving the efficiency of this system is crucial for enhancing residents' quality of life, optimizing social resource allocation, and promoting balanced regional development. Consequently, it is necessary to analyze the factors that restrain the improvement in transport efficiency and explore pathways and strategies for efficiency improvement. This study elucidates the concept of the integrated transportation system as well as the essence of efficiency improvement, and outlines the basic requirements for enhancing the system's efficiency in the new era. Moreover, it analyzes the current status of efficiency improvement of China's integrated transport system and identifies the constraining factors in terms of layout structure, utilization efficiency, durability and reliability, management effectiveness, and investment debt pressure. Furthermore, the following suggestions are proposed to promote China's integrated transport system to a new stage of development: (1) optimizing the layout and structure of the integrated transportation infrastructure, (2) promoting the integration of infrastructure, energy, information, and service networks, (3) enhancing the durability and reliability of existing transportation infrastructure, (4) improving the organizational efficiency and management performance of the integrated transport system, and (5) optimizing future investments in the construction of the integrated transport system.
Artificial intelligence (AI) chips are the core hardware supporting the development of intelligent technologies and their technological advancements hold significant importance for national scientific innovation, industrial development, and economic growth. This study summarizes the global development trends of AI chips from three perspectives: cloud AI chips, edge AI chips, and neuromorphic chips. It analyzes the application demands of AI chips in China and reviews the current status and development trends of related industries and technologies from the aspects of chip design, manufacturing, and packaging and testing. Currently, AI chips manufactured in China have shortcomings in terms of performance, technologies, and supply chain, necessitating independent innovation and industrial collaboration. The development of these chips also encounters challenges such as high costs and long cycles, requiring stable financing channels and the accumulation of development experiences. Moreover, the AI chip sector in China suffers from a talent shortage, demanding improved training quality and better talent-retaining strategies. Accordingly, this study proposes development paths for China’s AI chip industry, including overcoming technical bottlenecks, accelerating industrialization, expanding internationalization, and implementing market support. Key measures include advancing technological innovation and major project development, fostering new chip architectures and open-source industry ecosystems, establishing technical standards, and promoting the integration of industry, education, and research. These efforts aim to drive the sustainable and high-quality development of China’s AI chip industry.
As key equipment connecting offshore platforms to subsea pipelines, marine risers are a critical component of the overall system for deepwater oil and gas exploitation and are crucial for the high-quality development of the marine oil industry. In the context of attaching more attention to the development of deepwater oil and gas resources, this study reviews the research and application of marine risers in deepwater oil and gas development and looks forward to future development, which has reference values for both theoretical research and engineering practices. In this paper, the strict requirements for service performances of marine risers are analyzed in terms of fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance. A review of the current status of three typical and widely used marine risers (i.e., drilling risers, steel catenary risers, and tension-leg platform tendon risers) is provided. Meanwhile, these marine rises in China and abroad are compared, and their development directions are prospected. Overall, marine risers are a type of oil drilling equipment that have high risks, extreme difficulty, and high added values. Owing to the complex manufacturing processes and high technical contents, the core materials and technologies of marine risers have been monopolized by large companies outside China. Riser materials of China have problems including large fluctuations in strength, low fracture toughness, and insufficient fatigue resistance, failing to meet the stringent and complex marine service conditions and thus restraining the development of China's offshore oil industry. Therefore, a systematic layout is urgently needed to guide upstream and downstream enterprises to jointly carry out basic and application research on related products with universities and research institutes, so as to realize collaborative innovation across the entire industrial chain of marine riser manufacturing.
High-performance storage chips are the core driving force underlying the robust expansion of global artificial intelligence. They are crucial for promoting the information technology industry, improving the performance of electronic devices, driving the evolution of servers and data centers, and fostering nascent technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, the Internet of Things, virtual reality, and augmented reality. This study explores the essence of high-performance storage chips and sorts out their development requirements and international development trend. Moreover, it summarizes the development status of high-performance storage chips in China, delves into the problems and challenges encountered, and pinpoints the transformative opportunities. Furthermore, it proposes the following policy suggestions: (1) implementing a stratified approach to solidify the foundation while revolutionizing strategies to strive for breakthroughs; (2) stressing on both traditional and novel technologies and pursuing parallel development along multiple pathways; and (3) accelerating the establishment of a novel technological framework to progressively break the market monopoly.
Artificial intelligence (AI) chips are the core hardware supporting the development of intelligent technologies and their technological advancements hold significant importance for national scientific innovation, industrial development, and economic growth. This study summarizes the global development trends of AI chips from three perspectives: cloud AI chips, edge AI chips, and neuromorphic chips. It analyzes the application demands of AI chips in China and reviews the current status and development trends of related industries and technologies from the aspects of chip design, manufacturing, and packaging and testing. Currently, AI chips manufactured in China have shortcomings in terms of performance, technologies, and supply chain, necessitating independent innovation and industrial collaboration. The development of these chips also encounters challenges such as high costs and long cycles, requiring stable financing channels and the accumulation of development experiences. Moreover, the AI chip sector in China suffers from a talent shortage, demanding improved training quality and better talent-retaining strategies. Accordingly, this study proposes development paths for China’s AI chip industry, including overcoming technical bottlenecks, accelerating industrialization, expanding internationalization, and implementing market support. Key measures include advancing technological innovation and major project development, fostering new chip architectures and open-source industry ecosystems, establishing technical standards, and promoting the integration of industry, education, and research. These efforts aim to drive the sustainable and high-quality development of China’s AI chip industry.
Alternative protein foods are obtained using biomanufacturing technologies such as synthetic biology and cell engineering; they are sustainable and efficient in synthesis. Promoting the engineering and industrialization of alternative proteins is crucial for developing new quality productivity and ensuring national food security in China. This study illustrates the development values of alternative protein foods from the aspects of intensified international competition, development of an all-encompassing approach to food, new quality productivity, and sustainable development. It also analyzes the development status of alternative protein foods in China and abroad from the scientific, regulatory, and industrialized perspectives. It was concluded that breakthroughs should be achieved in key technologies such as cell lines, serum-free media, dedicated bioreactors, high-efficiency screening and preparation of microbial chassis strains, and plant-based meat fabrication and flavoring. Meanwhile, it is necessary to establish food safety standards and regulatory frameworks, improve China’s independent research and production capacities of key elements, and expand sub-sectors of the industrial chain. Furthermore, targeted suggestions are proposed to accelerate the industrialization of alternative protein foods. This study is expected to provide references and inspirations for the research, practices, and supervision of alternative protein industrialization in China.
China is deepening its digital transformation and promoting a data-driven action plan, proposing new requirements for the construction of data infrastructure. Like conventional information infrastructure types, data infrastructure needs to possess an anti-surveying-and-mapping capability to avoid being detected in one-way and transparent manners. The anti-surveying-and-mapping capability of data infrastructure has become a fundamental requirement for data space security, directly related to the information security of a country, society, and individuals. This study outlines the basic concepts of data infrastructure surveying-and-mapping and anti-surveying-and-mapping, analyzes the development status, major characteristics, and key problems of mainstream anti-surveying-and-mapping technologies, and proposes the theory, methods, and key technologies of anti-surveying-and-mapping with endogenous security, to solve the key problem of inherent measurability of data assets under the existing network architecture. To this end, the following suggestions are proposed: strengthening research on the basic theories and key technologies regarding data space anti-surveying-and-mapping; taking anti-surveying-and-mapping capability as the basic requirement of national data infrastructure construction; and increasing support for key technology research, industry incubation, multidisciplinary integration, and industry-university-research collaboration.
The concept of data as a new factor of production is a significant theoretical innovation put forward by China, based on a precise understanding and prediction of global technological development trends. With the market-oriented allocation reform of data elements as the main line, cultivating a national integrated data market to promote data utilization is the general program for the innovative development of China's data elements. This study focuses on the market-oriented allocation reform, circulation, values of data elements. It introduces the fundamental theory of a data field and examines key technologies such as cross-domain data management, data encapsulation, low-entropy data circulation, and penetration security. Moreover, the study analyzes engineering practice cases of data fields in health scenarios, proposes innovative application scenarios and engineering practice paradigms for data fields, and looks forward to the prospects in the fundamental theory, key technologies, engineering practices, and ecological construction of data fields, aiming to provide theoretical and practice guidance for data field development and support the modernization of the digital economy and social governance.
The comprehensive transport infrastructure is an important component of the comprehensive transport system and is vital for economic and social development. This study reviews the current situation and problems of comprehensive transport development in China, quantifies the supply-demand adaptability of railways, highways, water transport, and civil aviation by using the utilization index, and proposes the development direction, construction focus, and policy suggestions for the transport infrastructure. The research indicates that China's transport infrastructure can basically adapt to economic and social development, but still cannot "fully adapt to people's growing needs for a better life", a target proposed in the Planning Outline for a Comprehensive National Transport Network. Among the different modes of transport, civil aviation, intercity railways, and common national highways are the ones with insufficient adaptability. Combined with the adaptability analysis of the infrastructure, this study clarifies the ideas and focuses of transport infrastructure construction and proposes to optimize the demand assessment, project decision, and integrated planning and construction mechanisms of the comprehensive transport infrastructure.
Constructing a new power system is crucial for strengthening energy security and achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals in China. Improving the security resilience is the core of the safe and stable development of the system, which requires the digital technology that could play a key enabling role. This study analyzes the implications and characteristics regarding the security resilience of new power systems, and sorts out the challenges faced by the improvement in security resilience, including frequent extreme events, complex system structure, and multi-energy coordination conflicts. This study expounds on the enabling effect of the digital technology on the improvement in security resilience of new power systems, summarizes the major problems existing in the enabling process, and further proposes a key technology system for improving the security resilience of new power systems through the digital technology, involving multimodal data fusion technology based on artificial intelligence, intelligent situation awareness and early-warning technology based on cloud-edge collaboration, multi-energy collaborative optimization and control technology based on big data analysis, and post-disaster emergency decision-making technology based on digital twins. To provide theoretical support for the development of new power systems, this study proposes the following suggestions: (1) emphasizing the top-level design of major projects regarding climate resilience, (2) strengthening the research and development of key digital and power technologies, (3) building data infrastructure while improving the quality assurance mechanism, and (4) optimizing the construction of a compound talent echelon in the power industry.