As the manufacturing industry integrates deeply with the next-generation information technology and accelerates its transformation to intelligence, it is necessary to break the technical bottlenecks regarding industrial software development and high-end equipment manufacturing and establish an independent and controllable industrial Internet technology system to support the optimization of the entire process of intelligent manufacturing. This study analyzes the current status of intelligent manufacturing and industrial Internet, and presents an overall picture of the independent and controllable industrial Internet technology system for intelligent manufacturing from three aspects: industrial Internet technologies, intelligent manufacturing technologies based on industrial Internet, and independent and controllable software and hardware systems for industrial Internet. Moreover, this study summarizes the demonstrative applications of independent and controllable industrial Internet technologies for intelligent manufacturing, covering independent robotized intelligent manufacturing, industrial detection and perception based on independent and controllable industrial Internet, networked multi-robot collaboration for intelligent manufacturing, and multi-robot collaborative scheduling for intelligent manufacturing. The current challenges and technical directions of independent and controllable industrial Internet for intelligent manufacturing are also identified. Furthermore, it is proposed to actively apply technologies including the fifth-generation mobile communications, independent and controllable industrial software, cloud‒edge‒end collaboration of industrial Internet, robots equipped with domestic distributed operating systems, and independent and controllable multi-robot collaborative manufacturing. Meanwhile, it is necessary to accelerate the construction of an independent and controllable standards system to drive the integrated development of the industrial Internet and intelligent manufacturing, creating new paths for the upgrading and high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry.