To achieve the transition from “industrial civilization” to “eco-civilization” in China, Chinese Academy of Engineering joined hands with China Development Bank and Tsinghua University to launch a major consulting research project “Several Strategic Issues on Eco-Civilization Construction”. From the strategic point of view, the research explores the major strategic issues on combining the three pillars of eco-civilization construction (resource conservation, ecological safety, and environmental protection) with new industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization. The research proposes homeland ecological security, allocation pattern of soil and water resources, sustainable energy development strategy, ecological protection and construction strategy, environmental protection strategy, new industrialization strategy, new urbanization strategy, agricultural modernization strategy, green consumption and cultural education strategy, and green transportation strategy during the construction of eco-civilization. As well, it presents the goals and obligatory targets of eco-civilization during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period and the policy guarantee for eco-civilization construction, providing decision support for accelerating eco-civilization construction in China.