Improving regional accessibility is an important mean to carry out poverty alleviation and realize sustainable development in the Qinba Mountain Area of China. This paper studies the accessibility of central cities in the Qinba Mountain Area to surrounding urban agglomerations, and determines the spatial patterns of the region by using the high-speed transportation network identified in National Highway Network Planning (2013—2030) and China's Medium and Long Term Railway Network Planning. The study finds that with the development and construction of the rapid transit network planned by our country, three main radial urban corridors from Xi'an to Wanzhou, Xiangyang, and Luoyang, separately and three secondary urban corridors, namely, the Xi’an—Tianshui, Xi'an—Guangyuan, and Dazhou—Xiangyang—Nanyang—Luoyang corridors will be formed, in Qinba Mountain Area. These urban corridors will lead to the emergence of four vast green fields which are taking Longnan, Bazhong, Shiyan, and Luanchuan as the core. This paper suggests that the future spatial planning should establish the spatial order in the Qinba Mountain Area and arrange the urban corridors and the vast green fields properly to achieve a balance between protection and development.