China is going through an important historical stage as it transforms from a large country with manufacturing industry into a global manufacturing power. With the guidance of green development concept, China must explore strategic issues on advancing the coordinated development between manufacturing industry and ecological environment, for the harmonious coexistence between industrial civilization and ecological civilization. Green manufacturing is a critical focus in the construction of manufacturing power and in the transformation of production modes. Moreover, green manufacturing is an important part of green development. Green manufacturing contains low carbon development and circulation development. This paper elaborates on the scientific implications, targets and evaluation system of green manufacturing, on the basis of clarifying the relationship between green manufacturing and ecological civilization. The authors then put forward the strategic direction and major projects for green manufacturing, based on the achievements and difficulties of the current development. Policy implications are provided from the aspects of top-level design, team construction, innovation system, service platform, system and mechanism, and international cooperation.