At present, technological innovation has entered an unprecedentedly intensive and active period worldwide, while some major disruptive technologies are constantly emerging. These disruptive technologies have accelerated the iteration of new industries and formats, are profoundly influencing the balance among national powers, and will contribute in reshaping the world economic structure and the international competition pattern. To seize this opportunity given by the times, countries are now actively engaged in early identification and nurture of disruptive technologies. In this paper, research reports on disruptive technologies in China and abroad are extensively followed, and research progress and methods of disruptive technologies are summarized, analyzed and evaluated. This paper also puts forward some suggestions to promote the scientific development of disruptive technology research in China, including establishment of specialized think tanks by concentrating superior resources, establishment of a scientific technology evaluation system, etc.