The ecological security pattern in the Qinba Mountain Area plays a key role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem structure and regulating the ecological process in central China. Constructing a sound ecological security pattern is also an effective measure for ensuring ecological security in the Qinba Mountain Area. This study assesses the importance of four ecological service functions in the Qinba Mountain Area, namely water conservation, species diversity, ecological carbon fixation, and soil conservation. It then assigns weight to these four ecological services according to their proportion in the value of ecological assets. Based on the results of an ecosystem sensitivity analysis and the source-sink theory for landscape ecology, ecological sources of the Qinba Mountain Area are identified using optimized hot spot analysis. Moreover, potential ecological corridors are identified using the minimum cumulative resistance model; strip corridors and stepping stone corridors are further formed according to the river system, the distribution characteristics of key species, and the distribution of nature reserves in this region. Finally, the ecological security pattern of the Qinba Mountain Area is formed, including 6 important ecological patches, 10 river corridors, 2 biological channels, and 26 stepping stone corridors. This study is conducted based on the current situation of ecosystem services and can provide an important basis for the planning and layout of national parks, regional ecological protection and planning, as well as ecological civilization construction in the Qinba Mountain Area.