With the rapid development of high-speed railway，a large number of high-speed train operation brings a series of problems of energy consumption and environmental protection etc. This paper describes the system energy consumption of high-speed train composition，proportion and the influence factors，further expounded the key technology of high-speed train energy consumption. It explicitly introduces the key technologies of energy saving and consumption reducing and also discusses in details the effects of the energy saving from the low resistance technology，high energy efficiency traction technology and recycling and management of energy recovery. The application of these technologies will strongly promote the development of high-speed trains and continue to improve high-speed train’s high energy efficiency level. [Key words] high-speed train；saving energy and reducing consumption；high energy efficiency