To understand the prevalence of reproductive tract infection (RTI) of floating women of childbearing age in Urumqi，stratified cluster sampling was used to recruit qualified subjects aged from 18 to 45 years old in communities of six districts and one county. Questionnaire survey，physical and laboratory examination were conducted by trained doctors. Total 106 568 female migrants were enrolled in this study. The prevalence rates of bacterial vaginitis，trichomonas vaginitis，vaginal candidiasis were 16.15 %，12.66 %，4.52 %，respectively. The total rate was 19.84 %. Some preventive and therapeutic strategies should be established according to the differences of RTI prevalence rates of different races，especially for those women with lower education，peasant，or with monthly income between 1 500 to 1 599 yuan，more interventions should be conducted in the future.