As to the increasing severe water pollution, developing an effective strategy for advanced potable water treatment is one of the urgent livelihood issues. Membrane technology of water treatment is highly focused and studied to guarantee the security of drinking water due to its high efficiency and low consumption. In this paper, a detailed review was drawn on the application of different membrane processes in the advanced water treatment, based on the features of these pressure-driven membrane processes and the quality of different water resource, Finally, several suggestions were listed for the development of membrane-based potable water treatment.