Biomimetics and bioinspiration strategy has achieved important advances in many fundamental and engineering science areas. A variety of biomimetic and bioinspired membranes with high performance have been designed and prepared by imitating the different compositions， delicate structures， mild formations and exceptional functions of biological materials in nature. These membranes have found broad applications in water treatment， gas separation and organic liquid mixture separation. Through imitating or inspired by the prototypes of cell membrane， lotus leaf and mussel， biomimetic and bioinspired membranes are fabricated by biomineralization， bioadhesion， and self-assembly methods to achieve the goal of green， high-efficiency and energy-saving. These membranes will play more and more important roles in efficient use and sustainable development in resources and energy， and is going to be an important branch in membrane and membrane process. This article will briefly summarize the recent progress in biomimetic and bioinspired membranes， especially the preparation and application of antifouling membranes， hybrid membranes and composite membranes.