The geometric structure of steel deck plates is complex. So it is difficult to get precise results in the mechanics calculation of deck pavement with traditional methods. This paper adopts the finite element method for the mechanics analysis of the composite guss asphalt surfacing layer of curved steel box girder bridges. By taking the orthotropic steel deck and the pavement as a whole, a reasonable finite element model which established can be used to study the stress and deformation features of the surfacing layer. According to the common diseases in steel deck pavements and the effect of the overload and the horizontal load in braking to the pavement, this paper puts forward the comprehensive control indicators for pavement failures.