Comprehensive analysis and commentary were conducted on biochar research history, present situation, the existing questions and the industrialization prospect in this article which especially expounds the application value and vital role of biochar in energy, environment, agriculture and other areas. We considered that biochar is of important application value and practical significance in combating climate and environment change, carbon sequestration and mitigation, ensuring energy and food security. Then, directions of biochar research, constructive advices, technology approach of industrialization development and application were proposed on the basis of agricultural and forestry residue resource utilization, to provide references to promote biochar engineering technology innovation and industrialization development.