The world recent activities in the fields of micro-algae biodiesel, cellulosic ethanol and biogasoline were reviewed; the challenges and measures taken were discussed. It was proposed that the first industrial demonstration unit for these micro-algae biodiesel, cellulosic ethanol and biogasoline should be built in China before 2015, based on raw material supply, R & D progress and international cooperation to lay the foundation for future development.