This paper introduced the serious harm caused by the schism between clinical medicine and public health in disease prevention and control in China. In recent years, China has made significant efforts to mend this schism, developing an internet-based information system for communicable disease control and prevention, implementing a surveillance and reporting system for pneumonia of unknown etiology, strengthening the cooperation between medical and disease control institutions in TB prevention and control, making a momentous breakthrough in the reform of health services for patients suffering from strokes—an important chronic disease, to adapt to the needs of patients, and gradually adding clinical medicine to the modern model of disease prevention and control. These reform measures have successfully strengthened the link between clinical medicine and public health, and improved the overall efficacy of the disease control system; yet, this progress is merely the beginning of what must be done. Further measures to improve disease control, including establishing and implementing the criteria for medical institutions to implement public health tasks, must be carried out.