Based on experimentation, the relationship between the vibration and the noise of rolling bearings is studied. A type of rolling bearing, 6203 - 2RZ, is used in experimentation. The vibration includes the virtual values of the acceleration and the velocity, and the noise refers to the sound-pressure-level. The experiment data are comprehensively processed in the light of the theory of mathematical statistics. According to the results of data processing，the relationship between the vibration and the noise of rolling bearings is not definite. Therefore, the vibration can not represent the noise. The problem of the noise of rolling bearings should be studied independently, the standard of the noise and the corresponding technological specification of the rolling bearings should be established.