The strategy of the western development of China, the exploit in the 21st century, has drawn the attention of every fields. Scientists, technologists and administrators have all seen the fragility of ecological environment and calamities in the western development. How to carry out the calamity protection and reduction, in other words, how to utilize the scientific and technological calamity reduction measures, is the focus now. According to the viewpoint of the author, in the ecological environment construction of the western region, the scientific and technological calamity reduction should be emphasized first, the thought of the industrialization of scientific and technological calamity reduction should be realized, and scientific and technological contents should be increased and spread out. Practical and realistic science spirits and strategic concept should be advocated. Scientific evaluation, calamity risks analysis and suitable ecological environment policy should be taken as the basis to ensure taking enough consideration for the calamity protection and reduction in, the planning, design, construction and other steps which is the key factor to the sustainable development of the western region.