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珊瑚岛礁环境噪声成像 Article
夏少红, 张昌榕, 曹敬贺
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第25卷 第6期 页码 182-193 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.022
As valuable land in the ocean, coral islands are not only important bases for making use of marine resources and protecting marine rights and interests, but also important for breakthrough research in many fields of earth science. Hence, the economical and efficient determination of the underground structure of coral islands has become significant in coral island engineering geology, but remains challenging for traditional marine geophysical prospecting and drilling methods. While ambient noise tomography with dense arrays has been widely used in continental regions, its applicability to coral islands remains undetermined. In this study, based on the data recorded by a dense array on an isolated coral island in the South China Sea, we analyzed the ambient noise characteristics and obtained a 3D subsurface structure of the coral island using ambient noise tomography. We made the following findings: ① The ambient noise frequencies can be roughly categorized into three levels: < 1, 1–5, and > 5 Hz. The spectral characteristics of the noise below 5 Hz were consistent at different stations, but there were significant differences in the characteristics of the noise above 5 Hz. ② For ambient noise frequencies below 5 Hz, cross-correlation functions with high quality could be obtained with only 24 h of waveform data. However, it was difficult to extract meaningful cross-correlation functions for ambient noise frequencies above 5 Hz. ③ The S-wave velocity in the coral island was higher toward the sea and lower toward the lagoon, which was consistent with the high degree of cementation of the outer reef flat stratum on the seaward side. ④ There were two low-velocity horizons at 25–75 and 200–300 m, which were in good agreement with the high-porosity horizons that were revealed by drilling core samples, reflecting the weathering history of the reef. Our research demonstrates that ambient noise tomography is a potentially economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly method for the geological prospecting of coral reefs.
关键词： Coral island Ambient noise tomography Engineering geology South China Sea
微生物组工程——极具前景的珊瑚健康改善途径 Review
李洁, 杨清松, 董俊德, Michael Sweet, 张颖, 刘聪, 张燕英, 唐小玉, 张文谦, 张偲
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第28卷 第9期 页码 105-116 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.010
受全球气侯变化和区域环境压力的双重影响，全球珊瑚正面临生存危机。珊瑚微生物学旨在阐释珊瑚及其共生微生物的互作关系，并运用相关知识提升珊瑚健康，相关的研究近年来备受关注。本文综述了珊瑚微生物组参与维持共生体健康的作用原理，如提供营养物质、促进生长发育、抵御病原微生物、缓解环境压力等。探讨了珊瑚微生物组工程通过精准、可控的微生物组操纵以提升珊瑚在动态环境条件下的耐受力和恢复力的可行性。尽管珊瑚微生物组工程仍处于发展初期，近期的突破性进展已表明它是保护和修复珊瑚礁生态系统的有效手段。最后，我们讨论了珊瑚微生物组工程应用于珊瑚礁保护与修复所面临的挑战，并提出了相应的建议。
姜海波,赵云鹏,程忠庆
《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第3期 页码 99-102
分析了偏远岛礁依靠大陆船运送水的远距离供水保障模式在复杂军事斗争环境和台风频发环境存在的主要问题，提出了能提高岛礁独立生存能力的淡水自给自足的保障模式，重点探讨了利用雨水收集和可再生能源发电制水这两种方式解决偏远岛礁就地供水保障问题的特点研究表明，采用“珊瑚沙滩浅层暗湖雨水收集利用系统”和“光伏直接供能反渗透海水淡化系统”这两种具体的淡水就地保障模式具有很高的发展潜能，特别是其联合工作模式具有较强的互补性和可靠性，适合在偏远岛礁推广应用。
王志华,杨晓梅,苏奋振,张慧芳,颜凤芹,张君珏
《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第6期 页码 59-63 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.06.010
为厘清我国海岸带海岛礁遥感近年来发展取得的成就以及存在的问题，本文摘选近十年来若干典型性研究，按照“近海陆域 –潮间带 –近海水域 –海岛礁&rdquo总体而言，海岸带的土地覆盖、海岸线等仍是当前遥感应用研究的热点；同时，随着我国经济的快速发展和城镇化出现的环境问题，地面沉降、海水入侵、潮间带生态监测、海水养殖、赤潮、岛礁证据等新兴遥感应用方向也取得大幅进展
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