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Natural killer cells in liver diseases
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 页码 269-279 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0621-4
The liver has been characterized as a frontline lymphoid organ with complex immunological features such as liver immunity and liver tolerance. Liver tolerance plays an important role in liver diseases including acute inflammation, chronic infection, autoimmune disease, and tumors. The liver contains a large proportion of natural killer (NK) cells, which exhibit heterogeneity in phenotypic and functional characteristics. NK cell activation, well known for its role in the immune surveillance against tumor and pathogen-infected cells, depends on the balance between numerous activating and inhibitory signals. In addition to the innate direct “killer” functions, NK cell activity contributes to regulate innate and adaptive immunity (helper or regulator). Under the setting of liver diseases, NK cells are of great importance for stimulating or inhibiting immune responses, leading to either immune activation or immune tolerance. Here, we focus on the relationship between NK cell biology, such as their phenotypic features and functional diversity, and liver diseases.
关键词: natural killer cell phenotype immune activation immune tolerance liver diseases
《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0996-8
Activation of phagocytosis by immune checkpoint blockade
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 页码 473-480 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0657-5
Inhibition of macrophage-mediated phagocytosis has emerged as an essential mechanism for tumor immune evasion. One mechanism inhibiting the innate response is the presence of the macrophage inhibitory molecule, signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα), on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and its cognate ligand cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) on tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. On the basis of a recently discovered programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) in TAMs, we discuss the potential inhibitory receptors that possess new functions beyond T cell exhaustion in this review. As more and more immune receptors are found to be expressed on TAMs, the corresponding therapies may also stimulate macrophages for phagocytosis and thereby provide extra anti-tumor benefits in cancer therapy. Therefore, identification of biomarkers and combinatorial therapeutic strategies, have the potential to improve the efficacy and safety profiles of current immunotherapies.
关键词: CD47 PD-1 PD-L1 immunotherapy TAM phagocytosis macrophage
Advances on immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Yong Fan, Yan Geng, Lin Shen, Zhuoli Zhang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第1期 页码 33-42 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0735-3
关键词: cancer immunotherapy immune checkpoint inhibitors immune-related adverse events review
Enhanced activation of peroxymonosulfate by CNT-TiO
Xuemin Hao, Guanlong Wang, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu, Xie Quan
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1161-0
关键词: Peroxymonosulfate activation Carbon nanotubes TiO2 Water treatment
Tangchun Wu
《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 页码 816-819 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0823-4
Heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical interventions
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期 页码 617-648 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1015-9
Molecular classification and precision therapy of cancer: immune checkpoint inhibitors
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第2期 页码 229-235 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0581-0
On May 23, 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a treatment for cancer patients with positive microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) markers or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) markers. This approach is the first approved tumor treatment using a common biomarker rather than specified tumor locations in the body. FDA previously approved Keytruda for treatment of several types of malignancies, such as metastatic melanoma, metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer, refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, and urothelial carcinoma, all of which carry positive programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 biomarkers. Therefore, indications of Keytruda significantly expanded. Several types of malignancies are disclosed by MSI-H status due to dMMR and characterized by increased neoantigen load, which elicits intense host immune response in tumor microenvironment, including portions of colorectal and gastric carcinomas. Currently, biomarker-based patient selection remains a challenge. Pathologists play important roles in evaluating histology and biomarker results and establishing detection methods. Taking gastric cancer as an example, its molecular classification is built on genome abnormalities, but it lacks acceptable clinical characteristics. Pathologists are expected to act as “genetic interpreters” or “genetic translators” and build a link between molecular subtypes with tumor histological features. Subsequently, by using their findings, oncologists will carry out targeted therapy based on molecular classification.
关键词: molecular classification precision medicine pembrolizumab PD-1/PD-L1 MSI-H
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期 页码 387-394 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2250-3
关键词: self-activation zinc organic salts abundant mesopores symmetric supercapacitor liquid electrolyte
《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第4期 页码 545-554 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0867-7
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第10期 页码 1485-1492 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2169-8
关键词: CH4 dissociation Ni–M C–H bond activation charge transfer
Optimal dynamic emergency reserve activation using spinning, hydro and demand-side reserves
S. Surender REDDY,P. R. BIJWE,A. R. ABHYANKAR
《能源前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 页码 409-423 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0431-9
关键词: demand-side reserves dynamic reserve activation approach hydro power units post contingency sequential reserve activation approach spinning reserves
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第1期 页码 1-5 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0309-3
Hyperthermia is a condition characterized by increased body temperature as a consequence of failed thermoregulation. Hyperthermia occurs when a body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates. Hyperthermia also elicits various effects on the physiology of living cells. For instance, fever-range temperature (39β°C to 40β°C) can modulate the activities of immune cells, including antigen-presenting cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Heat shock temperature (41β°C to 43β°C) can increase the immunogenicity of tumor cells. Cytotoxic temperature (>43β°C) can create an antigen source to induce an anti-tumor immune response. The immunomodulatory effect of hyperthermia has promoted an interest in hyperthermia-aided immunotherapy, particularly against tumors. Hyperthermia has also been used to treat deep fungal, bacterial, and viral skin infections. We conducted a series of open or controlled trials to treat skin human papillomavirus infection by inducing local hyperthermia. More than half of the patients were significantly cured compared with those in the control trial. A series of challenging clinical cases, such as large lesions in pregnant patients or patients with diabetes mellitus, were also successfully and safely managed using the proposed method. However, further studies should be conducted to clarify the underlying mechanisms and promote the clinical applications of hyperthermia.
SARS-CoV-2 variants, immune escape, and countermeasures
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 页码 196-207 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0906-x
关键词: SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 vaccine immune escape breakthrough prevention
Multi-target combinatory strategy to overcome tumor immune escape
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 页码 208-215 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0922-5
关键词: immune checkpoints multi-target immune escape immune-related adverse events combination therapy
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
BGB-A445, a novel non-ligand-blocking agonistic anti-OX40 antibody, exhibits superior immune activation
期刊论文
Advances on immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Yong Fan, Yan Geng, Lin Shen, Zhuoli Zhang
期刊论文
Enhanced activation of peroxymonosulfate by CNT-TiO
Xuemin Hao, Guanlong Wang, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu, Xie Quan
期刊论文
Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges
Tangchun Wu
期刊论文
Hierarchical porous carbon derived from one-step self-activation of zinc gluconate for symmetric supercapacitors
期刊论文
Enhanced performance of oxygen vacancies on CO adsorption and activation over different phases of ZrO
期刊论文
A density functional theory study of methane activation on MgO supported NiM cluster: role of M on C–Hactivation
期刊论文
Optimal dynamic emergency reserve activation using spinning, hydro and demand-side reserves
S. Surender REDDY,P. R. BIJWE,A. R. ABHYANKAR
期刊论文
Hyperthermia on skin immune system and its application in the treatment of human papillomavirus-infected
null
期刊论文