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Development of space-based diffractive telescopes Review Article
Wei Zhao, Xin Wang, Hua Liu, Zi-feng Lu, Zhen-wu Lu,wangxin971241@163.com,liuhua_rain@aliyun.com
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 6, Pages 809-962 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900529
Keywords： 薄膜衍射光学元件；衍射望远系统；超大口径
Super-resolution Near-field Optical Imaging and its Industrial Development
Wu Shifa
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 10-14
The super-resolution near-field optical imaging is an advanced project in the front of high engi-neering science and is an industry that should be developed early in the 21th century in China. In this paper, the historical events and PSTM developments in China are introduced. The imaging expressions of all kinds of the super-resolution near-field optical imaging systems are derived and compared with each others. In general, only with the mode of constant separation of tip-sample may obtain the pure optical image of sample, such as the image of refractive index, reflectivity or transmisivity of sample. The evanescent wave emitted from sample surface and the probe tip smaller than the diffraction limit are the two basic conditions of super-resolution in optical imaging. The other key to obtain the super-resolution is the modulated tip with vertical vibration in the mixture field of evanescent wave and propagating wave in near-field. For the transparent sample PSTM is the best to separate the pure optical image and topography of sampe. The author has applied for two invented patents on PSTM, which will be benificial to the development of PSTM industry in China.
Keywords： super-resolution near-field optics imaging surper resolution optical microscope
Ultra-Precision Machining Technology and Equipment for High-End Optical Elements
Jiang Zhuangde, Li Changsheng , Sun Lin, Duan Duanzhi, Kang Chengwei ,Chen Shanshan, Lin Qijing, Yang Shuming
Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 1, Pages 131-141 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.003
High-end optical elements determine the performance of high-end equipment. Researching the ultra-precision machining technology and equipment for high-end optical elements is crucial for strengthening China's manufacturing industry and satisfying the requirements of the high-end equipment industry. In this study, the ultra-precision machining methods and equipment for optical elements, high-performance basic components, and measurement methods and equipment used in ultra-precision optical machining are analyzed. Five development trends are summarized including extremalization of precision and size, integration of shape and performance, compounding of machining technologies, integration of machining and measurement, and intellectualization of equipment and processes. Through extensive survey and discussions, a technology roadmap for ultra-precision manufacturing of high-end optical elements by 2035 is proposed from the aspects of demand, goals, products, key technologies, application demonstrations, and guarantees. Furthermore, several development suggestions are proposed, including (1) optimizing the innovation system and establishing technical alliances by organizing superior resources, (2) increasing resource guarantees and laying out plans on basic and technical research,(3) strengthening talent cultivation to expand the scale of the multi-level talent team, and (4) building a solid foundation for industrial development and cultivating small-sized leading enterprises.
Keywords： optical element precision manufacturing ultra-precision machine tool ultra-precision machining optical fabrication
Diffractive Deep Neural Networks at Visible Wavelengths Article
Hang Chen, Jianan Feng, Minwei Jiang, Yiqun Wang, Jie Lin, Jiubin Tan, Peng Jin
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 10, Pages 1485-1493 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.032
Optical deep learning based on diffractive optical elements offers unique advantages for parallel processing, computational speed, and power efficiency. One landmark method is the diffractive deep neural network (D2NN) based on three-dimensional printing technology operated in the terahertz spectral range. Since the terahertz bandwidth involves limited interparticle coupling and material losses, this paper
extends D2NN to visible wavelengths. A general theory including a revised formula is proposed to solve any contradictions between wavelength, neuron size, and fabrication limitations. A novel visible light D2NN classifier is used to recognize unchanged targets (handwritten digits ranging from 0 to 9) and targets that have been changed (i.e., targets that have been covered or altered) at a visible wavelength of 632.8 nm. The obtained experimental classification accuracy (84%) and numerical classification accuracy (91.57%) quantify the match between the theoretical design and fabricated system performance. The presented framework can be used to apply a D2NN to various practical applications and design other new applications.
Keywords： Optical computation Optical neural networks Deep learning Optical machine learning Diffractive deep neural networks
Transparent Thermally Tunable Microwave Absorber Prototype Based on Patterned VO2 Film Article
Zhengang Lu, Yilei Zhang, Heyan Wang, Chao Xia, Yunfei Liu, Shuliang Dou, Yao Li, Jiubin Tan
Engineering 2023, Volume 29, Issue 10, Pages 198-206 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.10.005
Transparent microwave absorbers that exhibit high optical transmittance and microwave absorption capability are ideal, although having a fixed absorption performance limits their applicability. Here, a simple, transparent, and thermally tunable microwave absorber is proposed, based on a patterned vanadium dioxide (VO2) film. Numerical calculations and experiments demonstrate that the proposed VO2 absorber has a high optical transmittance of 84.9% at 620 nm; its reflection loss at 15.06 GHz can be thermally tuned from –4.257 to –60.179 dB, and near-unity absorption is achieved at 523.75 K. Adjusting only the patterned VO2 film duty cycle can change the temperature of near-unity absorption. Our VO2 absorber has a simple composition, a high optical transmittance, a thermally tunable microwave absorption performance, a large modulation depth, and an adjustable temperature tuning range, making it promising for application in tunable sensors, thermal emitters, modulators, thermal imaging, bolometers, and photovoltaic devices.
Keywords： Tunable microwave absorber VO2 film Optical transparent Near unity absorption Large modulation depth
Optical Problems in Imaging Optical Engineering
Pan Junhua
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages 32-35
In this paper the critical area using imaging optics is discussed, i. e. the ground based astronomical telescopes, observing systems from the space to the Earth and the projecting lithographic systems. According to the trend of technical progress, it is unavoidable to use reflective optical systems, and consequently as-pherical surfaces. For optical system design, the main problem is how to construct an effective reflecting system which may be optimized by the optical CAD. The need of unobscurating entrance pupil leads using off-axis reflecting system and tilted mirror system. The key problem in fabrication is to make high accuracy, large relative aperture, high-order, large asphericity/aspherical slope and section symmetric surfaces. The null method is the principal way for testing aspheric surfaces up to now. The design of compensator for highorder, off-axis aspheric mirrors is worth studying yet.
Keywords： imaging optics aspheric mirror optical design optical fabrication and testing
A New Subdiscipline of Contemporary Optics—Aero-optics
Yin Xingliang
Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 1-6
Based on developing process of aero-optics, the background of the subject is introduced. The definition, intension, research object, research methods of the subject are proposed. The research contents are described, which include mechanism, calibration methods, calibration tests for aero-optic effects and optic window of the hypersonic aircraft. The theoretical research, engineering modeling, testing principle and testing methods in China are described in detail. Some representative results are given. At last, the application prospects and research tendency of the subject are suggested.
Keywords： aerodynamics turbulent flows optics aero-optics
An Engineering Method to Calculate Transmitting Effect of Aero-optics for Hypersonic Interceptor
Yin Xingliang
Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 11, Pages 74-79
Transmitting effects of aero-optics is very important to optical imaging probing system of interceptor, as it may cause displacement, jitter and blurring of image to receive for the system. The optic transmitting characteristics is analyzed when target ray goes though turbulence flow. The engineering model for optical transmitting characteristics of flow is built up and empirical model for optical imaging system induced by aero-optic transmitting effects is described. The displacement, jitter and blurring are simulated. The numerical simulation results suggest that transmitting effect of aero-optics has powerful influence on the imaging probing system, which is related to flight parameters, imaging system parameters and integration periods of imaging probing system, etc.
Keywords： aerodynamics turbulent flows optics aero-optics transmitting effect
Neutron Diffraction Investigation of the DyFe11Ti Magnetic Structure and Its Spin Reorientations Article
Olivier Isnard, Eder J. Kinast
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 153-157 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.11.009
In this article, we report on the magnetic structure of DyFe11Ti and its thermal evolution as probed by neutron powder diffraction. A thermodiffraction technique was used to follow the temperature dependence of the magnetic moments, as well as their orientation. The Dy and Fe moments were coupled to each other in an antiparallel manner to form a ferrimagnet, where the easy magnetization direction at 2 K was the [110] axis in the basal (a, b) plane. This magnetic structure underwent two successive spin reorientation phenomena with increasing temperature. A large Dy magnetic moment of 9.7 μB was obtained at low temperatures, and the magnitude decreased rapidly to 7.5 μB at 200 K. The largest Fe magnetic moment was observed on the Fe 8i position. A ThMn12-type crystal structure was preserved in the studied temperature range, despite the large changes of the magnetic structure. A sharp tilt was observed at the first-order spin reorientation, TSR1; the angle between the easy magnetization axis and the crystal c axis was reduced from 90° at 2 K to about 20° at 200 K (where c is the easy axis above 200 K); and the Dy and Fe magnetic moments maintained an antiparallel coupling.
Keywords： Neutron diffraction Magnetic phase diagram Crystal structure
Characteristic Analysis for Journal Bearing Under Thin Film Lubrication
Qu Qingwen,Chai Shan,Yao Fusheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 6, Pages 44-48
The characteristic of the bearing under thin film lubrication is far different to that of conventional calculation bearing. After that the affection of the gap of bearing on lubricant is considered, .the properties of lubricant will display great change. Because of this change, the characteristics of thin film lubrication are generally researched and recognized. An equivalent viscosity corrected model is applied to analyze characteristic of journal bearing in this paper. For infinite width bearing, an analysis equation on pressure distribution is gained. Then, the properties of journal bearing are calculated accurately.
Keywords： thin film lubrication equivalent viscosity journal bearing
The Development of Marine Optical Remote Sensing and the Frontiers
Pan Delu,Li Yan
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 39-43
The space remote sensing and information technique have become a necessary tool to observe the different scale, different layer and continuous dynamical phenomenon of oceanic resources and environment. The marine remote sensing has more advantage than the normal investigation in the collection of marine environment parameters of several yeas, even several ten years. In the 1970s the international scientists began the real time detection of oceanic environment by means of water leaving radiance measurement from satellite. China has paid great attention and has made great progress in this field since the 1980s. This paper, first, reviews the development of marine optical remote sensing in China over the last 20 years. Secondly, the neads of this technique in national rights and interests, preventing and reducing natural calamities and management and development of marine resources are discussed. Finally, the key technique and frontiers of the application of marine optical remote sensing in the monitoring of marine environment are expounded, such as marine satellite operational monitoring system, accuracy analysis and quantitization, high frequency and long term monitor data collection, the combination application of multi sensor and key technique, etc.
Keywords： marine optics remote sensing technique development and frontiers
Xiaoping Wang, Weiwei Dong, Peng Zhang, Haoqi Tang, Lanting Zhang, Tieying Yang, Peng Liu, Hong Wang, X.-D. Xiang
Engineering 2022, Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 81-88 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.023
High-throughput powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) with white X-ray beam and an energy-dispersive detector array are demonstrated in this work on a CeO2 powder sample on a bending magnet synchrotron beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), using a simulated energy-dispersive array detector consisting of a spatially scanning silicon-drift detector (SDD). Careful analysis and corrections are applied to account for various experimental hardware-related and diffraction angle-related factors. The resulting diffraction patterns show that the relative strength between different diffraction peaks from energy-dispersive XRD (EDXRD) spectra is consistent with that from angle-resolved XRD (ARXRD), which is necessary for analyzing crystal structures for unknown samples. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) signal is collected simultaneously. XRF counts from all pixels are integrated directly by energy, while the diffraction spectra are integrated by d-spacing, resulting in a much improved peak strength and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio for the array detector. In comparison with ARXRD, the diffraction signal generated by a white X-ray beam over monochromic light under the experimental conditions is about 104 times higher. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peaks in q-space is found to be dependent on the energy resolution of the detector, the angle span of the detector, and the diffraction angle. It is possible for EDXRD to achieve the same or even smaller FWHM as ARXRD under the energy resolution of the current detector if the experimental parameters are properly chosen.
Keywords： High-throughput experiment White beam X-ray diffraction Energy-dispersive array detector Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction Angle-resolved X-ray diffraction
Optically Digitalized Holography: A Perspective for All-Optical Machine Learning
Min Gu, Xinyuan Fang, Haoran Ren, Elena Goi
Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 363-365 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.04.002
Recent Advances in Physical Optics Research
Huang Zhixun
Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 18-29
This paper focuses on a series of theoretical and experimental studies of the physical optics, such as the Goos-Hänchen shift, the FTIR phenomena, the negative refraction index, the superluminal experiments of THz rays, and the measurement of photon rest mass. It indicates that the evanescent waves phenomena are becoming more important in physical optics research recently. For example, superluminal propagation is a result of the evanescent waves, i. e. the evanescent fields. The possibility of a finite photon rest mass remains one of the most important issues in physical optics, as it has a bearing on a series of fundamental questions. A discussion on the present situation in this area is given. Finally, the history and advances of optical frequency standard and optical frequency measurements are given in the article.
Keywords： physical optics negative wave velocity negative refraction index GH shift evanescent waves photon rest mass
High Energy Laser and The Problems of Applied Optics
Du Xiangwan
Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 21-24
Making and propagation and application of high energy laser is an important direction of modern laser technology and optics engineering. It involves a series of physical problems and depends upon a lot of top-level technologies as well. The paper discusses eight topics of applied optics related with high energy laser, such as high energy laser devices, high quality optical elements, advanced adaptive optics, nonlinear optical phase conjugation, frequency tuning, coherent combination of laser beams, etc.
Keywords： high energy laser distance propagation applied optics
Title Author Date Type Operation
Development of space-based diffractive telescopes
Wei Zhao, Xin Wang, Hua Liu, Zi-feng Lu, Zhen-wu Lu,wangxin971241@163.com,liuhua_rain@aliyun.com
Journal Article
Ultra-Precision Machining Technology and Equipment for High-End Optical Elements
Jiang Zhuangde, Li Changsheng , Sun Lin, Duan Duanzhi, Kang Chengwei ,Chen Shanshan, Lin Qijing, Yang Shuming
Journal Article
Diffractive Deep Neural Networks at Visible Wavelengths
Hang Chen, Jianan Feng, Minwei Jiang, Yiqun Wang, Jie Lin, Jiubin Tan, Peng Jin
Journal Article
Transparent Thermally Tunable Microwave Absorber Prototype Based on Patterned VO2 Film
Zhengang Lu, Yilei Zhang, Heyan Wang, Chao Xia, Yunfei Liu, Shuliang Dou, Yao Li, Jiubin Tan
Journal Article
An Engineering Method to Calculate Transmitting Effect of Aero-optics for Hypersonic Interceptor
Yin Xingliang
Journal Article
Neutron Diffraction Investigation of the DyFe11Ti Magnetic Structure and Its Spin Reorientations
Olivier Isnard, Eder J. Kinast
Journal Article
Characteristic Analysis for Journal Bearing Under Thin Film Lubrication
Qu Qingwen,Chai Shan,Yao Fusheng
Journal Article
High-Throughput Powder Diffraction Using White X-Ray Beam and a Simulated Energy-Dispersive Array Detector
Xiaoping Wang, Weiwei Dong, Peng Zhang, Haoqi Tang, Lanting Zhang, Tieying Yang, Peng Liu, Hong Wang, X.-D. Xiang
Journal Article
Optically Digitalized Holography: A Perspective for All-Optical Machine Learning
Min Gu, Xinyuan Fang, Haoran Ren, Elena Goi
Journal Article
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