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Understanding coupled factors that affect the modelling accuracy of typical planar compliant mechanisms

Guangbo HAO,Haiyang LI,Suzen KEMALCAN,Guimin CHEN,Jingjun YU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 129-134 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0392-z

Abstract: equivalent modulus using nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) to reflect coupled factors in affecting the modelling

Keywords： coupling factors     modelling accuracy     compliant mechanisms     equivalent modulus    

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3D fracture modelling and limit state analysis of prestressed composite concrete pipes

Pengfei HE, Yang SHEN, Yun GU, Pangyong SHEN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1,   Pages 165-175 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0484-4

Abstract: In this manuscript, we study fracture of prestressed cylindrical concrete pipes. Such concrete pipes play a major role in tunneling and underground engineering. The structure is modelled fully in 3D using three-dimensional continuum elements for the concrete structure which beam elements are employed to model the reinforcement. This allows the method to capture important phenomena compared to a pure shell model of concrete. A continuous approach to fracture is chosen when concrete is subjected to compressive loading while a combined continuous-discrete fracture method is employed in tension. The model is validated through comparisons with experimental data.

Keywords： cylindrical concrete structures     limit state analysis     3D fracture modelling     prestressed composite pipes    

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ANN-based empirical modelling of pile behaviour under static compressive loading

Abdussamad ISMAIL

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 594-608 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0446-2

Abstract: Artificial neural networks have been widely used over the past two decades to successfully develop empirical models for a variety of geotechnical problems. In this paper, an empirical model based on the product-unit neural network (PUNN) is developed to predict the load-deformation behaviour of piles based SPT values of the supporting soil. Other parameters used as inputs include particle grading, pile geometry, method of installation as well as the elastic modulus of the pile material. The model is trained using full-scale pile loading tests data retrieved from FHWA deep foundations database. From the results obtained, it is observed that the proposed model gives a better simulation of pile load-deformation curves compared to the Fleming’s hyperbolic model and t-z approach.

Keywords： piles in compression     load-deformation behaviour     product-unit neural network    

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Kinetic-compartmental modelling of potassium-containing cellulose feedstock gasification

Attila Egedy, Lívia Gyurik, Tamás Varga, Jun Zou, Norbert Miskolczi, Haiping Yang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 708-717 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1767-y

Abstract:

Biomass is of growing interest as a secondary energy source and can be converted to fuels with higher energy density especially by pyrolysis or gasification. Understanding the mechanism and the kinetics of biomass pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) and gasification (conversion of organic material to gases) could be the key to the design of industrial devices capable of processing vast amounts of biomass feedstock. In our work real product components obtained in pyrolysis were took into consideration as well as char and oil as lumped components, and the kinetic constants for a biomass model compound (cellulose) pyrolysis and gasification were identified based on a proposed simplified reaction mechanism within a compartment model structure. A laboratory scale reactor was used for the physical experiments containing consecutive fast pyrolysis and gasification stages using alkali metal (K) containing feedstock, which has a significant effect on the cellulose pyrolysis and gasification. The detailed model was implemented in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the unknown kinetic parameters were identified based on experimental data. The model was validated based on measurement data, and a good agreement was found. Based on the validated first principle model the optimal parameters were determined as 0.15 mL/min steam flow rate, and 4% K content.

Keywords： biomass pyrolysis     kinetic parameter identification     compartment modelling     optimisation    

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Joint slip investigation based on finite element modelling verified by experimental results on wind turbine

Saleh YAGHOOBI, Ahmad SHOOSHTARI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 341-351 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0393-y

Abstract:

Slippage corresponds to the relative displacement of a bolted joint subjected to shear loads since the construction clearance between the bolt shank and the bolthole at assembly can cause joint slip. Deflections of towers with joint slippage effects is up to 1.9 times greater than the displacements obtained by linear analytical methods. In this study, 8 different types of joints are modelled and studied in the finite element program, and the results are verified by the experimental results which have been done in the laboratory. Moreover, several types of joints have been modelled and studied and load-deformation curves have also been presented. Finally, joint slip data for different types of angles, bolt diameter and bolt arrangements are generated. Thereupon, damping ratios (z) for different types of connections are reported. The study can be useful to help in designing of wind turbine towers with a higher level of accuracy and safety.

Keywords： Joint slip     cyclic loading     Finite element modelling     Experimental joint behavior     damping ratios (   

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Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete flexural members strengthened using textile reinforced mortars

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 4,   Pages 649-668 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0919-4

Abstract: Externally bonded (EB) and near-surface mounted (NSM) bonding are two widely adopted and researched strengthening methods for reinforced-concrete structures. EB composite substrates are easy to reach and repair using appropriate surface treatments, whereas NSM techniques can be easily applied to the soffit and concrete member sides. The EB bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) technique has a significant drawback: combustibility, which calls for external protective agents, and textile reinforced mortar (TRM), a class of EB composites that is non-combustible and provides a similar functionality to any EB FRP-strengthened substrate. This study employs a finite element analysis technique to investigate the failing failure of carbon textile reinforced mortar (CTRM)-strengthened reinforced concrete beams. The principal objective of this numerical study was to develop a finite element model and validate a set of experimental data in existing literature. A set of seven beams was modelled and calibrated to obtain concrete damage plasticity (CDP) parameters. The predicted results, which were in the form of load versus deflection, load versus rebar strain, tensile damage, and compressive damage patterns, were in good agreement with the experimental data. Moreover, a parametric study was conducted to verify the applicability of the numerical model and study various influencing factors such as the concrete strength, internal reinforcement, textile roving spacing, and externally-applied load span. The ultimate load and deflection of the predicted finite element results had a coefficient of variation (COV) of 6.02% and 5.7%, respectively. A strain-based numerical comparison with known methods was then conducted to investigate the debonding mechanism. The developed finite element model can be applied and tailored further to explore similar TRM-strengthened beams undergoing debonding, and the preventive measures can be sought to avoid premature debonding.

Keywords： fiber reinforced polymer     textile reinforced mortar     finite element analysis     concrete damage plasticity     calibration and validation     parametric study    

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Dynamic modelling and simulation of a post-combustion CO capture process for coal-fired power plants

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 198-209 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2057-7

Abstract: Modelling and simulation provide a low-cost opportunity to evaluate performances and guide flexible operation

Keywords： CO2 capture     post-combustion capture     simulation     dominant factor    

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Modeling of shear walls using finite shear connector elements based on continuum plasticity

Ulf Arne GIRHAMMAR, Per Johan GUSTAFSSON, Bo KÄLLSNER

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 143-157 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0377-3

Abstract: Light-frame timber buildings are often stabilized against lateral loads by using diaphragm action of roofs, floors and walls. The mechanical behavior of the sheathing-to-framing joints has a significant impact on the structural performance of shear walls. Most sheathing-to-framing joints show nonlinear load-displacement characteristics with plastic behavior. This paper is focused on the finite element modeling of shear walls. The purpose is to present a new shear connector element based on the theory of continuum plasticity. The incremental load-displacement relationship is derived based on the elastic-plastic stiffness tensor including the elastic stiffness tensor, the plastic modulus, a function representing the yield criterion and a hardening rule, and function representing the plastic potential. The plastic properties are determined from experimental results obtained from testing actual connections. Load-displacement curves for shear walls are calculated using the shear connector model and they are compared with experimental and other computational results. Also, the ultimate horizontal load-carrying capacity is compared to results obtained by an analytical plastic design method. Good agreements are found.

Keywords： shear walls     wall diaphragms     finite element modelling     plastic shear connector     analytical modelling     experimental    

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Modeling limit force capacities of high force to volume lead extrusion dampers

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3,   Pages 609-622 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0724-x

Abstract: Lead extrusion dampers are supplemental energy-dissipation devices that are used to mitigate seismic structural damage. Small volumetric sizes and high force capacities define high-force-to-volume (HF2V) devices, which can absorb significant response energy without sacrificial damage. However, the design of such devices for specific force capacities has proven difficult based on the complexities of their internal reaction mechanisms, leading to the adoption of empirical approaches. This study developed upper- and lower-bound force capacity estimates from analytical mechanics based on direct and indirect metal extrusion for guiding design. The derived equations are strictly functions of HF2V device geometric parameters, lead material properties, and extrusion mechanics. The upper-bound estimates from direct and indirect extrusion are denoted as (FUB,1, FUB,2) and (FUB,3, FUB,4), respectively, and the lower-bound estimates are denoted as (FLB, FLB,1) based on the combination of extrusion and friction forces. The proposed models were validated by comparing the predicted bounds to experimental force capacity data from 15 experimental HF2V device tests. The experimental device forces all lie above the lower-bound estimates (FLB, FLB,1) and below the upper-bound estimates (FUB,1, FUB,2, FUB,4). Overall, the (FLB, FUB,2) pair provides wider bounds and the (FLB,1, FUB,4/FUB,1) pair provides narrower bounds. The (FLB,1, FUB,1) pair has a mean lower-bound gap of 36%, meaning the lower bound was 74% of the actual device force on average. The mean upper-bound gap was 33%. The bulge area and cylinder diameter of HF2V devices are key parameters affecting device forces. These relatively tight bounds provide useful mechanics-based predictive design guides for ensuring that device forces are within the targeted design range after manufacturing.

Keywords： extrusion     lead dampers     upper and lower bound     analytical modelling     limit force    

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Multi-scale investigation of active failure for various modes of wall movement

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 961-979 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0738-4

Abstract: Retained backfill response to wall movement depends on factors that range from boundary conditions to the geometrical characteristic of individual particles. Hence, mechanical understanding of the problem warrants multi-scale analyses that investigate reciprocal relationships between macro and micro effects. Accordingly, this study attempts a multi-scale examination of failure evolution in cohesionless backfills. Therefore, the transition of retained backfills from at-rest condition to the active state is modeled using the discrete element method (DEM). DEM allows conducting virtual experiments, with which the variation of particle and boundary properties is straightforward. Hence, various modes of wall movement (translation and rotation) toward the active state are modeled using two different backfills with distinct particle shapes (spherical and nonspherical) under varying surcharge. For each model, cumulative rotations of single particles are tracked, and the results are used to analyze the evolution of shear bands and their geometric characteristics. Moreover, dependencies of lateral pressure coefficients and coordination numbers, as respective macro and micro behavior indicators, on particle shape, boundary conditions, and surcharge levels are investigated. Additionally, contact force networks are visually determined, and their influences on pressure distribution and deformation mechanisms are discussed with reference to the associated modes of wall movement and particle shapes.

Keywords： discrete-element modelling     granular materials     retaining walls     particle shape     arching    

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Modelling of dynamic contact length in rail grinding process

Shaodan ZHI,Jianyong LI,A. M. ZAREMBSKI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 242-248 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0305-y

Abstract:

Rails endure frequent dynamic loads from the passing trains for supporting trains and guiding wheels. The accumulated stress concentrations will cause the plastic deformation of rail towards generating corrugations, contact fatigue cracks and also other defects, resulting in more dangerous status even the derailment risks. So the rail grinding technology has been invented with rotating grinding stones pressed on the rail with defects removal. Such rail grinding works are directed by experiences rather than scientifically guidance, lacking of flexible and scientific operating methods. With grinding control unit holding the grinding stones, the rail grinding process has the characteristics not only the surface grinding but also the running railway vehicles. First of all, it’s important to analyze the contact length between the grinding stone and the rail, because the contact length is a critical parameter to measure the grinding capabilities of stones. Moreover, it’s needed to build up models of railway vehicle unit bonded with the grinding stone to represent the rail grinding car. Therefore the theoretical model for contact length is developed based on the geometrical analysis. And the calculating models are improved considering the grinding car’s dynamic behaviors during the grinding process. Eventually, results are obtained based on the models by taking both the operation parameters and the structure parameters into the calculation, which are suitable for revealing the process of rail grinding by combining the grinding mechanism and the railway vehicle systems.

Keywords： rail grinding     contact length     dynamic model     Hamiltonian system     grinding stone     rail grinding car    

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Computational methods for fracture in rock: a review and recent advances

Ali JENABIDEHKORDI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 273-287 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0459-5

Abstract: We present an overview of the most popular state-of-the-art computational methods available for modellingextensive review of those methods which can be found elsewhere but particularly address their potential in modelling

Keywords： numerical modelling     method development     rock mechanics     fractured rock     rock fracturing    

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Synergistic optimization framework for the process synthesis and design of biorefineries

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 251-273 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2071-9

Abstract: The conceptual process design of novel bioprocesses in biorefinery setups is an important task, which remains yet challenging due to several limitations. We propose a novel framework incorporating superstructure optimization and simulation-based optimization synergistically. In this context, several approaches for superstructure optimization based on different surrogate models can be deployed. By means of a case study, the framework is introduced and validated, and the different superstructure optimization approaches are benchmarked. The results indicate that even though surrogate-based optimization approaches alleviate the underlying computational issues, there remains a potential issue regarding their validation. The development of appropriate surrogate models, comprising the selection of surrogate type, sampling type, and size for training and cross-validation sets, are essential factors. Regarding this aspect, satisfactory validation metrics do not ensure a successful outcome from its embedded use in an optimization problem. Furthermore, the framework’s synergistic effects by sequentially performing superstructure optimization to determine candidate process topologies and simulation-based optimization to consolidate the process design under uncertainty offer an alternative and promising approach. These findings invite for a critical assessment of surrogate-based optimization approaches and point out the necessity of benchmarking to ensure consistency and quality of optimized solutions.

Keywords： biotechnology     surrogate modelling     superstructure optimization     simulation-based optimization     process    

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Modelling and analysis of FMS productivity variables by ISM, SEM and GTMA approach

Vineet JAIN,Tilak RAJ

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 218-232 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0309-7

Abstract: This study was performed by different approaches viz. interpretive structural modelling (ISM), structuralequation modelling (SEM), graph theory and matrix approach (GTMA) and a cross-sectional survey within

Keywords： FMS     ISM     EFA     SEM     GTMA    

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A brief review on nonlinear modeling methods and applications of compliant mechanisms

Guangbo HAO,Jingjun YU,Haiyang LI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 119-128 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0387-9

Abstract:

Compliant mechanisms (CMs) have become one of the most popular research themes in mechanisms and robotics because of their merits. This paper aims to provide a brief systematic review on the advances of nonlinear static modeling approaches and the applications of CMs to promote interdisciplinary/multidisciplinary development for associated theories and other new applications. It also predicts likely future directions of applications and theory development.

Keywords： compliant mechanisms     modelling     nonlinearity     applications     review    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Understanding coupled factors that affect the modelling accuracy of typical planar compliant mechanisms

Guangbo HAO,Haiyang LI,Suzen KEMALCAN,Guimin CHEN,Jingjun YU

Journal Article

3D fracture modelling and limit state analysis of prestressed composite concrete pipes

Pengfei HE, Yang SHEN, Yun GU, Pangyong SHEN

Journal Article

ANN-based empirical modelling of pile behaviour under static compressive loading

Abdussamad ISMAIL

Journal Article

Kinetic-compartmental modelling of potassium-containing cellulose feedstock gasification

Attila Egedy, Lívia Gyurik, Tamás Varga, Jun Zou, Norbert Miskolczi, Haiping Yang

Journal Article

Joint slip investigation based on finite element modelling verified by experimental results on wind turbine

Saleh YAGHOOBI, Ahmad SHOOSHTARI

Journal Article

Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete flexural members strengthened using textile reinforced mortars

Journal Article

Dynamic modelling and simulation of a post-combustion CO capture process for coal-fired power plants

Journal Article

Modeling of shear walls using finite shear connector elements based on continuum plasticity

Ulf Arne GIRHAMMAR, Per Johan GUSTAFSSON, Bo KÄLLSNER

Journal Article

Modeling limit force capacities of high force to volume lead extrusion dampers

Journal Article

Multi-scale investigation of active failure for various modes of wall movement

Journal Article

Modelling of dynamic contact length in rail grinding process

Shaodan ZHI,Jianyong LI,A. M. ZAREMBSKI

Journal Article

Computational methods for fracture in rock: a review and recent advances

Ali JENABIDEHKORDI

Journal Article

Synergistic optimization framework for the process synthesis and design of biorefineries

Journal Article

Modelling and analysis of FMS productivity variables by ISM, SEM and GTMA approach

Vineet JAIN,Tilak RAJ

Journal Article

A brief review on nonlinear modeling methods and applications of compliant mechanisms

Guangbo HAO,Jingjun YU,Haiyang LI

Journal Article