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China in the eyes of news media: a case study under COVID-19 epidemic Research Article
Hong Huang, Zhexue Chen, Xuanhua Shi, Chenxu Wang, Zepeng He, Hai Jin, Mingxin Zhang, Zongya Li,honghuang@hust.edu.cn,chenzhexue@hust.edu.cn,xhshi@hust.edu.cn,wangchenxu@hust.edu.cn,hezepeng@hust.edu.cn,hjin@hust.edu.cn,mingxinzhang@hust.edu.cn,lzy901014@sina.com
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 11, Pages 1443-1457 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000689
Keywords： 国家形象；新冠肺炎；主题挖掘；实体；新闻立场；情感
The East–West Divide in Response to COVID-19 Article
Dean T Jamison, Kin Bing Wu
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 7, Pages 936-947 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.008
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths per million population in the countries of the West had often exceeded those in the countries of the East by factor of 100 by May 2021. In this paper, we refer to the West as represented by the United States plus the five most populous countries of Western Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and the East as the 15 countries in East Asia and Oceania that are members of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, RCEP (Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam). This paper argues that currently available information points to the factors most responsible for the East–West divide. Warnings by early January
2020 about an atypical viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, prompted rapid responses in many jurisdictions in East Asia. Publication of the virus’s genome on 10 January 2020 provided essential information for making diagnostic tests and launching vaccine development. China’s lockdown of Wuhan on 23 January 2020 provided a final, decisive signal of the danger of the new disease. By late March 2020, China had fully controlled its epidemic, and many other RCEP countries had taken early and decisive measures, including restrictions on travel, that aborted serious outcomes. Inaction during the critical month of February 2020 in the United States and most other Western countries allowed the disease to take hold and spread. In both the East and the West, stringent population-wide non-pharmaceutical interventions were widely implemented at great cost to societies, economies, and school systems. Without these measures, the outcomes could have been even worse. Most countries in the East also implemented tightly focused policies to isolate infectious individuals. Even today, most countries in the West allow infectious individuals to mingle with their families, coworkers, and communities. Much of the East–West divide plausibly results from failure in the West to implement the basic public health policies of early action and the isolation of infectious individuals. Widespread immunization in some RCEP and high-income countries will soon attenuate their outbreaks, while the slow rollout of vaccines in lower income countries is replacing the East–West divide in outcomes with a North–South one. The South is thus replacing the West as the breeding ground for more dangerous variants as exemplified by the highly contagious Delta variant, which may undermine hitherto successful control strategies in many countries.
Keywords： Coronavirus disease 2019 Isolation Non-pharmaceutical interventions Pandemic Vaccination
Pandemic Woes: Antigen Tests to the Rescue?
Peter Weiss
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 3-5 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.12.002
COVID-19 Fight Enlists Digital Technology: Contact Tracing Apps
Mitch Leslie
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1064-1066 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.09.001
COVID-19 Fight Enlists Digital Technology: Tracking an Elusive Foe
Mitch Leslie
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1061-1063 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.006
Editorial for the Special Issue on COVID-19
Xiaohong Li, Chen Wang, Boli Zhang, Baofeng Yang
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1057-1060 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.09.006
Challenges in the Development of a Vaccine Against COVID-19
Wei Chen, Feng-Cai Zhu
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1067-1069 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.012
Fengxue Zhu, Xiujuan Zhao, Tianbing Wang, Zhenzhou Wang, Fuzheng Guo, Haiyan Xue, Panpan Chang, Hansheng Liang, Wentao Ni, Yaxin Wang, Lei Chen, Baoguo Jiang
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 367-375 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.09.007
The clinical application of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the assessment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) pneumonia severity remains limited. Herein, we investigated the role of LUS imaging in COVID-19 pneumonia patients and the relationship between LUS findings and disease severity. This was a retrospective, observational study at Tongji Hospital, on 48 recruited patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, including 32 non-critically ill patients and 16 critically ill patients. LUS was performed and the respiratory rate oxygenation (ROX) index, disease severity, and confusion, urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age (CURB-65) score were recorded on days 0–7, 8–14, and 15–21 after symptom onset. Lung images were divided into 12 regions, and the LUS score (0–36 points) was calculated. Chest computed tomography (CT) scores (0–20 points) were also recorded on days 0–7. Correlations between the LUS score, ROX index, and CURB-65 scores were examined. LUS detected COVID-19 pneumonia in 38 patients. LUS signs included B lines (34/38, 89.5%), consolidations (6/38, 15.8%), and pleural effusions (2/38, 5.3%). Most cases showed more than one lesion (32/38, 84.2%) and involved both lungs (28/38, 73.7%). Compared with non-critically ill patients, the LUS scores of critically ill patients were higher (12 (10–18) vs 2 (0–5), p < 0.001). The LUS score showed significant negative correlations with the ROX index on days 0–7 (r = −0.85, p < 0.001), days 8–14 (r = −0.71, p < 0.001), and days 15–21 (r = −0.76, p < 0.001) after symptom onset. However, the LUS score was positively correlated with the CT score (r = 0.82, p < 0.001). The number of patients with LUS-detected lesions decreased from 27 cases (81.8%) to 20 cases (46.5%), and the LUS scores significantly decreased from 4 (2–10) to 0 (0–5) (p < 0.001) from days 0–7 to 17–21. We conclude that LUS can detect lung lesions in COVID-19 pneumonia patients in a portable, real-time, and safe manner. Thus, LUS is helpful in assessing COVID-19 pneumonia severity in critically ill patients.
Keywords： Coronavirus disease 2019 Lung ultrasound Pneumonia
Dongping Fang, Wenqi Li, Hengli Zhang, He Liu
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1070-1072 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.014
Simiao Chen, Qiushi Chen, Weizhong Yang, Lan Xue, Yuanli Liu, Juntao Yang, Chen Wang, Till Bärnighausen
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1108-1114 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.018
Rapid responses in the early stage of a new epidemic are crucial in outbreak control. Public holidays for outbreak control could provide a critical time window for a rapid rollout of social distancing and other control measures at a large population scale. The objective of our study was to explore the impact of the timing and duration of outbreak-control holidays on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic spread during the early stage in China. We developed a compartment model to simulate the dynamic transmission of COVID-19 in China starting from January 2020. We projected and compared epidemic trajectories with and without an outbreak-control holiday that started during the Chinese Lunar New Year. We considered multiple scenarios of the outbreak-control holiday with different durations and starting times, and under different assumptions about viral transmission rates. We estimated the delays in days to reach certain thresholds of infections under different scenarios. Our results show that the outbreak-control holiday in China likely stalled the spread of COVID-19 for several days. The base case outbreak-control holiday (21 d for Hubei Province and 10 d for all other provinces) delayed the time to reach 100 000 confirmed infections by 7.54 d. A longer outbreak-control holiday would have had stronger effects. A nationwide outbreak-control holiday of 21 d would have delayed the time to 100 000 confirmed infections by nearly 10 d. Furthermore, we find that outbreak-control holidays that start earlier in the course of a new epidemic are more effective in stalling epidemic spread than later holidays and that additional control measures during the holidays can boost the holiday effect. In conclusion, an outbreakcontrol holiday can likely effectively delay the transmission of epidemics that spread through social contacts. The temporary delay in the epidemic trajectory buys time, which scientists can use to discover transmission routes and identify effective public health interventions and which governments can use to build physical infrastructure, organize medical supplies, and deploy human resources for long-term epidemic mitigation and control efforts.
Keywords： COVID-19 Model Lunar New Year holiday Extension Social distancing
Xuan Zhao, Yi Zhang
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1073-1075 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.015
Semantic composition of distributed representations for query subtopic mining None
Wei SONG, Ying LIU, Li-zhen LIU, Han-shi WANG
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018, Volume 19, Issue 11, Pages 1409-1419 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601476
Inferring query intent is significant in information retrieval tasks. Query subtopic mining aims to find possible subtopics for a given query to represent potential intents. Subtopic mining is challenging due to the nature of short queries. Learning distributed representations or sequences of words has been developed recently and quickly, making great impacts on many fields. It is still not clear whether distributed representations are effective in alleviating the challenges of query subtopic mining. In this paper, we exploit and compare the main semantic composition of distributed representations for query subtopic mining. Specifically, we focus on two types of distributed representations: paragraph vector which represents word sequences with an arbitrary length directly, and word vector composition. We thoroughly investigate the impacts of semantic composition strategies and the types of data for learning distributed representations. Experiments were conducted on a public dataset offered by the National Institute of Informatics Testbeds and Community for Information Access Research. The empirical results show that distributed semantic representations can achieve outstanding performance for query subtopic mining, compared with traditional semantic representations. More insights are reported as well.
Keywords： Subtopic mining Query intent Distributed representation Semantic composition
Non-Communicable Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond
Xiong-Fei Pan, Juan Yang, Ying Wen, Naishi Li, Simiao Chen, An Pan
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 7, Pages 899-902 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.013
Li Liu, Heng-Gui Chen, Ying Li, Huijun Li, Jiaoyuan Li, Yi Wang, Shuang Yao, Chuan Qin, Shutao Tong, Xu Yuan, Xia Luo, Xiaoping Miao , An Pan, Zheng Liu, Liming Cheng
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 7, Pages 958-965 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.04.015
The longitudinal immunologic status of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients and its association with the clinical outcome are barely known. Thus, we sought to analyze the temporal profiles of specific antibodies, as well as the associations between the antibodies, proinflammatory cytokines, and survival of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 1830 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were recruited. The temporal profiles of the virus, antibodies, and cytokines of the patients until 12 weeks since illness onset were fitted by the locally weighted scatter plot smoothing method. The mediation effect of cytokines on the associations between antibody responses and survival were explored by mediation analysis. Of the 1830 patients, 1435 were detectable for
SARS-CoV-2, while 395 were positive in specific antibodies only. Of the 1435 patients, 2.4% presented seroconversion for neither immunoglobulin G (IgG) nor immunoglobulin M (IgM) during hospitalization. The seropositive rates of IgG and IgM were 29.6% and 48.1%, respectively, in the first week, and plateaued within five weeks. For the patients discharged from the hospital, the IgM decreased slowly, while high levels of IgG were maintained at around 188 AU·mL1 for the 12 weeks since illness onset. In contrast, in the patients who subsequently died, IgM declined rapidly and IgG dropped to 87 AUmL1 at the twelfth week. Elevated interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, interleukin-1b, interleukin-2R, and tumor necrosis factor-a levels were observed in the deceased patients in comparison with the discharged patients, and 12.5% of the association between IgG level and mortality risk was mediated by these cytokines. Our study deciphers the temporal profiles of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies within the 12 weeks since illness onset and indicates the protective effect of antibody response on survival, which may help to guide prognosis estimation.
Keywords： Coronavirus disease 2019 Antibody response Cytokine Mortality Viral load
The Efficacy and Safety of Triazavirin for COVID-19: A Trial Protocol Protocol
Xiaoke Wu, Kaijiang Yu, Yongchen Wang, Wanhai Xu, Hongli Ma, Yan Hou, Yue Li, Benzhi Cai, Liying Zhu, Min Zhang, Xiaoli Hu, Jingshu Gao, Yu Wang, Huichao Qin, Mingyan Zhao, Yong Zhang, Kang Li, Zhimin Du, Baofeng Yang
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages 1199-1204 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.011
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus, was reported in December 2019. COVID-19 is highly contagious and has rapidly developed from a regional epidemic into a global pandemic. As yet, no effective drugs have been found to treat this virus. This study, an ongoing multicenter and blind randomized controlled trial (RCT), is being conducted at ten study sites in Heilongjiang Province, China, to investigate the efficacy and safety of Triazavirin (TZV) versus its placebo in COVID-19 patients. A total of 240 participants with COVID-19 are scheduled to be enrolled in this trial. Participants with positive tests of throat swab virus nucleic acid are randomized (1:1) into two groups: standard therapy plus TZV or standard therapy plus placebo for a 7-day treatment with a 21-day follow-up. The primary outcome is the time to clinical improvement of the subjects. Secondary outcomes include clinical improvement rate, time to alleviation of fever, mean time and proportion of obvious inflammatory absorption in the lung, conversion rate of repeated negative virus nucleic acid tests, mortality rate, and conversion rate to severe and critically severe patients. Adverse events, serious adverse events, liver function, kidney function, and concurrent treatments will be monitored and recorded throughout the trial. The results of this trial should provide evidence-based recommendations to clinicians for the treatment of COVID-19.
Keywords： Coronavirus disease 2019 Pneumonia SARS-CoV-2 Triazavirin Efficacy Safety
Title Author Date Type Operation
China in the eyes of news media: a case study under COVID-19 epidemic
Hong Huang, Zhexue Chen, Xuanhua Shi, Chenxu Wang, Zepeng He, Hai Jin, Mingxin Zhang, Zongya Li,honghuang@hust.edu.cn,chenzhexue@hust.edu.cn,xhshi@hust.edu.cn,wangchenxu@hust.edu.cn,hezepeng@hust.edu.cn,hjin@hust.edu.cn,mingxinzhang@hust.edu.cn,lzy901014@sina.com
Journal Article
Editorial for the Special Issue on COVID-19
Xiaohong Li, Chen Wang, Boli Zhang, Baofeng Yang
Journal Article
Ultrasonic Characteristics and Severity Assessment of Lung Ultrasound in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective, Observational Study
Fengxue Zhu, Xiujuan Zhao, Tianbing Wang, Zhenzhou Wang, Fuzheng Guo, Haiyan Xue, Panpan Chang, Hansheng Liang, Wentao Ni, Yaxin Wang, Lei Chen, Baoguo Jiang
Journal Article
Ethical Reflection on the Emergency Engineering Management of COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention and Control
Dongping Fang, Wenqi Li, Hengli Zhang, He Liu
Journal Article
Buying Time for an Effective Epidemic Response: The Impact of a Public Holiday for Outbreak Control on COVID-19 Epidemic Spread
Simiao Chen, Qiushi Chen, Weizhong Yang, Lan Xue, Yuanli Liu, Juntao Yang, Chen Wang, Till Bärnighausen
Journal Article
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Represent a Therapeutic Option for Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Xuan Zhao, Yi Zhang
Journal Article
Semantic composition of distributed representations for query subtopic mining
Wei SONG, Ying LIU, Li-zhen LIU, Han-shi WANG
Journal Article
Non-Communicable Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond
Xiong-Fei Pan, Juan Yang, Ying Wen, Naishi Li, Simiao Chen, An Pan
Journal Article
Temporal Profiles of Antibody Responses, Cytokines, and Survival of COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort
Li Liu, Heng-Gui Chen, Ying Li, Huijun Li, Jiaoyuan Li, Yi Wang, Shuang Yao, Chuan Qin, Shutao Tong, Xu Yuan, Xia Luo, Xiaoping Miao , An Pan, Zheng Liu, Liming Cheng
Journal Article
The Efficacy and Safety of Triazavirin for COVID-19: A Trial Protocol
Xiaoke Wu, Kaijiang Yu, Yongchen Wang, Wanhai Xu, Hongli Ma, Yan Hou, Yue Li, Benzhi Cai, Liying Zhu, Min Zhang, Xiaoli Hu, Jingshu Gao, Yu Wang, Huichao Qin, Mingyan Zhao, Yong Zhang, Kang Li, Zhimin Du, Baofeng Yang
Journal Article
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