2019年 第21卷 第5期
《中国工程科学》 >> 2019年 第21卷 第5期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.024
华北地区农业水资源现状和未来保障研究
1. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, Beijing 100081, China;
3. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
4. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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摘要
华北地区是我国重要的粮食和农产品生产基地，对保障国家的粮食和食物安全至关重要。华北用仅占全国6% 的水资源支撑了占全国18% 的耕地并生产出占全国23% 的粮食。但这个巨大成就是以极大的资源环境和生态成本为代价的。本文回顾华北粮食生产和用水的历史性成就，总结现在面临的主要问题和挑战，然后应用国际水资源研究界广泛应用的农业用水管理的综合分析框架，系统分析1998—2015 年华北地区水资源、农业用水以及用水效率和水分生产力，在此基础上尝试提出了未来保障华北地区食物安全的战略和政策途径。
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