期刊首页 优先出版 当期阅读 过刊浏览 作者中心 关于期刊 English

2021年 第23卷 第5期

摘要

关键词

图片

参考文献

相关研究

回顶部

《中国工程科学》 >> 2021年 第23卷 第5期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.001

中国公共卫生应急指挥体系探析

1. 清华大学应急管理研究基地，北京100084；

2. 清华大学公共管理学院，北京100084；

3. 中央党校（国家行政学院）应急管理教研部，北京100089；

4. 美国西东大学外交与国际关系学院全球健康研究中心，新泽西州南橘市07079；

5. 中央党校（国家行政学院）社会和生态文明教研部，北京 100089；

6. 中国农业大学人文与发展学院，北京100083

资助项目 ：中国工程院咨询项目 “我国突发公共卫生事件应急防控体系研究”（2020-ZD-17）；国家自然科学基金疫情专项项目“重大突发公共卫生事件快速风险评估、决策支持和响应机制”（72042012） 收稿日期： 2021-07-20 修回日期： 2021-08-22 发布日期： 2021-10-20
HTML228 PDF 304 收藏 0

下一篇 上一篇

摘要

2003 年抗击严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）之后，我国逐步形成了以“一案三制”为核心的国家应急管理体系。党的十八大以来，随着党和国家更加重视应急管理工作，特别是2018 年应急管理部成立、2020 年新冠肺炎应对取得重大战略成果，我国应急管理事业进入了新的发展阶段。为全面了解我国公共卫生应急指挥体系的演变历程、现状特征和面临的挑战，以期更好完善我国公共卫生应急指挥体系，本文采用文献调研、理论分析和案例对比等多种方法，梳理比较了SARS、甲型H1N1 流感和新型冠状病毒肺炎防控应急指挥体系，总结提出了中国公共卫生应急指挥体系建设的改进对策。结果发现，我国公共卫生应急指挥体系在多次重大突发公共卫生事件的应急实践中发挥了重要作用并不断发展进步，同时我国公共卫生应急指挥体系在领导体制、运行机制等方面也面临着诸多挑战。基于此，本文从完善联防联控机制、加强应急法制建设、强化专家咨询作用、明确央地权责等方面，有针对性地提出了政策建议。

图片

图 1

图 2

参考文献

[ 1 ] 王陇德. 卫生应急工作手册 [M]. 北京：人民卫生出版社，2005. Wang L D. Health emergency workbook [M]. Beijing: People’s Health Press, 2005.
Wang L D. Health emergency workbook [M]. Beijing: People’s Health Press, 2005. Chinese.

[ 2 ] 王绍光. 预防必须为主——中国疾控体系的四次危机及其教训 [J].文化纵横, 2020, 4(2): 65–69. Wang S G. Prevention must be the main focus: Four crises of China’s disease control system and their lessons [J]. Culture, 2020, 4(2): 65–69.
Wang S G. Prevention must be the main focus: Four crises of China’s disease control system and their lessons [J]. Culture, 2020, 4(2): 65–69. Chinese. 链接1

[ 3 ] 钟开斌. 回顾与前瞻: 中国应急管理体系建设 [J]. 政治学研究, 2009, 4(1): 78–88. Zhong K B. Review and foresight: The construction of emergency management system in China [J]. Political Science Research, 2009, 4(1): 78–88.
Zhong K B. Review and foresight: The construction of emergency management system in China [J]. Political Science Research, 2009, 4(1): 78–88. Chinese. 链接1

[ 4 ] 薛澜, 曾光. 防控“甲流”：中国内地甲型H1N1流感应对评估 [M]. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社, 2014: 87–88. Xue L, Zeng G. Prevention and control of influenza A: assessment of influenza A (H1N1) response in mainland China [M]. Beijing: Social Science Literature Press, 2014: 87–88.
Xue L, Zeng G. Prevention and control of influenza A: assessment of influenza A (H1N1) response in mainland China [M]. Beijing: Social Science Literature Press, 2014: 87–88. Chinese.

[ 5 ] 2018应急管理法律法规清单（429项）[EB/OL]. (2018-06-25) [2021-05-01]. https: //www.sohu.com/a/237741589_100012850. 2018 Emergency Management Laws and Regulations List (429 items) [EB/OL]. (2018-06-25) [2021-05-01]. https: //www.sohu. com/a/237741589_100012850.
2018 Emergency Management Laws and Regulations List (429 items) [EB/OL]. (2018-06-25) [2021-05-01]. https://www.sohu. com/a/237741589_100012850. Chinese. 链接1

[ 6 ] 薛澜, 曾光. 防控“甲流”：中国内地甲型H1N1流感应对评估 [M]. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社, 2014: 53–60. Xue L, Zeng G. Prevention and control of influenza A: Assessment of influenza A (H1N1) response in mainland China [M]. Beijing: Social Science Literature Press, 2014: 53–60.
Xue L, Zeng G. Prevention and control of influenza A: Assessment of influenza A (H1N1) response in mainland China [M]. Beijing: Social Science Literature Press, 2014: 53–60. Chinese.

[ 7 ] 钟开斌. 国家应急指挥体制的“变”与“不变”——基于“非典”、甲 流感、新冠肺炎的案例比较研究 [J]. 行政法学研究，2020 (3): 11–23. Zhong K B. Development of the national emergency command system: Comparative case studies of the SARS，H1N1 and COVID-19 [J]. Administrative Law Review, 2020 (3): 11–23.
Zhong K B. Development of the national emergency command system: Comparative case studies of the SARS，H1N1 and COVID-19 [J]. Administrative Law Review, 2020 (3): 11–23. Chinese. 链接1

[ 8 ] 新华社. 国家卫生健康委会同相关部门联防联控 全力应对新型 冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情[EB/OL]. (2021-01-22)[2021-05-01]. http: //www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-01/22/content_5471437.htm. Xinhua News Agency. The National Health and Wellness Commission, together with relevant departments, will work together to prevent and control the pneumonia outbreak of the new coronavirus infection[EB/OL]. (2021-01-22)[2021-05-01]. http: // www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-01/22/content_5471437.htm.
Xinhua News Agency. The National Health and Wellness Commission, together with relevant departments, will work together to prevent and control the pneumonia outbreak of the new coronavirus infection [EB/OL]. (2021-01-22)[2021-05-01]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-01/22/content_5471437.htm. Chinese. 链接1

[ 9 ] 新华社. 习近平主持中共中央政治局常务委员会会议 研 究新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控工作[EB/OL].(2021- 01-25)[2021-05-01]. http: //www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-01/25/ content_5472188.htm. Xinhua News Agency. Xi Jinping presides over the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to study the prevention and control of pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus infection[EB/OL].(2021-01- 25)[2021-05-01]. http: //www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-01/25/ content_5472188.htm.
Xinhua News Agency. Xi Jinping presides over the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to study the prevention and control of pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus infection [EB/OL]. (2021- 01-25)[2021-05-01]. http: //www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-01/25/ content_5472188.htm. Chinese. 链接1

[10] World Health Organization. The top 10 causes of death [EB/OL]. (2020-12-09)[2021-05-01]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-fo-death.

[11] 中国青年报.中国疾控中心主任高福呼吁改革疾控体系[EB/ OL].(2020-05-27)[2021-05-01]. https: //baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id= 1667829890094773867&wfr=spider&for=pc. China Youth Daily. Gao Fu, director of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, calls for reform of the disease control system [EB/OL].(2020-05-27)[2021-05-15]. https: // baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1667829890094773867&wfr=spider&f or=pc.
China Youth Daily. Gao Fu, director of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, calls for reform of the disease control system [EB/OL]. (2020-05-27)[2021-05-15]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1667829890094773867&wfr=spider&for=pc. Chinese. 链接1

[12] 中国青年报.疾控体制改革补短板迫在眉睫[EB/OL]. (2020- 06-03)[2021-05-01]. https: //shareapp.cyol.com/cmsfile/ News/202006/03/web389123.html. China Youth Daily. CDC system reform to fill the shortcomings is imminent[EB/OL]. (2020-06-03)[2021-05-01]. https: //shareapp. cyol.com/cmsfile/News/202006/03/web389123.html.
China Youth Daily. CDC system reform to fill the shortcomings is imminent [EB/OL]. (2020-06-03)[2021-05-01]. https://shareapp.cyol.com/cmsfile/News/202006/03/web389123.html. Chinese. 链接1

[13] 陶鹏.论突发事件联防联控制度多元建构的理论基础 [J].行政 法学研究, 2020 (3): 38–47. Tao P. Building institutional base of comprehensive disaster prevention and response system [J]. Administrative Law Review, 2020 (3): 38–47.
Tao P. Building institutional base of comprehensive disaster prevention and response system [J]. Administrative Law Review, 2020 (3): 38–47. Chinese. 链接1

[14] 吕孝礼, 付帅泽, 朱宪, 等. 突发事件协同研判行为研究：研究 进展与关键科学问题 [J]. 中国科学基金, 2020, 34(6): 693–702. Lyu X L, Fu S Z, Zhu X，et al. Joint crisis sensemaking: A review and agenda [J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2020, 34(6): 693–702.
Lyu X L, Fu S Z, Zhu X，et al. Joint crisis sensemaking: A review and agenda [J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2020, 34(6): 693–702. Chinese. 链接1

相关研究