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《中国工程科学》 >> 2021年 第23卷 第5期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.011

微生物资源分子鉴定技术的研究进展

1. 北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京 100048;

2. 江汉大学系统生物学研究院,武汉 430056

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“中国微生物安全与健康产业发展战略研究”(2020-ZD-05) 收稿日期: 2021-07-20 修回日期: 2021-08-18 发布日期: 2021-09-28

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摘要

微生物作为全世界分布最广且拥有量最多的生物资源,应用领域广泛,具有突出的经济价值和社会价值。以往虽已有众多微生物研究,但限于技术方法无法深入展开,随着微生物检测技术的不断发展,为微生物研究提供了新途径和新方法。本文总结了国内外微生物资源分子鉴定技术的发展及其应用情况,主要有脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)含量测定、核酸杂交技术、DNA 指纹图谱技术、核酸扩增技术、基因芯片技术和高通量测序技术等;梳理了现有微生物资源分子鉴定技术的优缺点;分析了微生物资源分子鉴定技术存在的问题,如依赖于实验室环境,实验结果的重现性、准确性不足,缺乏相应的微生物数据库。为促进我国微生物资源的保护和利用,研究建议,要继续加强对各鉴定技术的研究,建立具有自主知识产权的微生物资源鉴定平台,完善微生物资源数据库等。

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