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《中国工程科学》 >> 2022年 第24卷 第1期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.017

长江经济带工业园区绿色发展战略研究

1. 清华大学环境学院,北京100084;

2. 清华大学生态文明研究中心,北京100084

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“长江经济带生态文明建设若干战略问题研究”(2019-ZD-08) 收稿日期: 2021-11-23 修回日期: 2021-12-06 发布日期: 2022-02-22

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摘要

本文从经济发展、空间布局、产业特点、基础设施、用水排水、经济环境绩效等方面对长江经济带工业园区的发展进行了分析,基于此识别出园区绿色发展面临的挑战,并提出了园区深化绿色发展的建议。工业园区是长江流域承载制造业集聚的重要产业空间,是实施制造强国战略的主阵地,对沿江各省工业贡献大多超过50%,经济增长主力军和经济稳定压舱石作用显著,因此必须坚持工业园区作为制造强国战略主阵地不动摇。长江沿江工业集聚、园区密布,资源能源消耗及污染物排放量大。园区相关的生态环境问题突出表现为:部分地区的园区生态文明和绿色发展意识尚待提高,创新发展能力亟待强化;沿江工业园区布局及产业结构仍需深入优化,部分园区管理粗放,园区间绿色发展不平衡不充分明显;园区碳排放高,能源基础设施“大少小多”特征锁定碳排放;园区尚未有效控制用水总量及有毒有害污染物削减,水量水质水安全等问题尚未根本性解决。为此,建议从三个方面着力推进沿江园区创新绿色转型,打造长江生态文明建设新高地:一是加强顶层设计,上下游一体推进工业园区绿色发展,建立工业园区绿色发展报告制度;二是综合运用节约、提效、开源等措施深化园区绿色低碳转型,实施能源环境基础设施绿色化、低碳化改造,构建能源基础设施和环境基础设施间能源– 水产业共生体系,建设全生命周期绿色低碳园区;三是精准科学治污,从全过程推进园区水污染防治、水生态环境保护和可持续水管理,促进化工围江迈向人水和谐。

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