2023年 第25卷 第3期
《中国工程科学》 >> 2023年 第25卷 第3期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.03.012
海床流体迁移致灾机理与风险防控研究现状及展望
1. 山东省海洋环境地质工程重点实验室（中国海洋大学），山东青岛 266100；
2. 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室，山东青岛 266061；
3. 海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室，山东青岛 266100；
4. 深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室，北京 100083；
5. 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院，西安 710054
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摘要
海床流体迁移指海底液体、气体、海水在海床内外的传输运移过程，对海洋地质灾害的孕育、发展、演化具有重要影响；我国海域内广泛发育的海底滑坡等典型灾害，与海床流体迁移现象之间呈现出明显的关联性。本文从海床流体迁移的灾害效应出发并以南海北部为例，分析了典型流体迁移系统类型、地质灾害成因分布特征，梳理了海床流体迁移的观测与调查方法；总结了海床流体迁移致灾与风险防控方向的科学问题，针对性提出了有待开展的重点研究内容。研究建议，从深部高压流体向上迁移影响灾害孕育、天然气水合物分解流体迁移影响灾害发展、海洋水体运动导致灾害发生3 个方面着手，研究海床流体迁移影响下的海底灾害孕育、发展与触发演化过程机理，海床流体迁移 ‒ 地质环境 ‒ 人类活动耦合作用下海底灾害风险防控理论方法，支持突破深海探测多系统集成、多尺度联合、多维信息处理等技术瓶颈。
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参考文献
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