2023年 第25卷 第5期
《中国工程科学》 >> 2023年 第25卷 第5期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.05.001
我国国境生物安全防控体系现代化建设研究
1. 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所，北京 102206；
2. 传染病预防控制国家重点实验室，北京 102206；
3. 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院病原生物学研究所，北京 100730；
4. 上海国际旅行卫生保健中心（上海海关口岸门诊部），上海 200335；
5. 中国科学院上海免疫与感染研究所，上海 200031；
6. 中国疾病预防控制中心，北京 102206；
7. 南京医科大学公共卫生学院，南京 211166
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摘要
在全球性传染病疫情频发的背景下，加快推动国境口岸传染病防控体系建设是我国生物安全工作的重中之重。本文从口岸生物安全形势、口岸卫生检疫防线、口岸传染病防控组织架构等方面系统分析了我国国境生物安全防控能力及体系建设的现状，在与美国、欧盟等国家和地区的国境生物安全防控能力及体系进行横向与纵向比较的基础上，对我国口岸传染病防控体系存在的短板和弱项进行了深入分析。研究发现，我国国境口岸生物安全存在多部门分段管理，传染病监测与预警网络配制分散、生物安全态势感知薄弱，口岸卫生检疫能力水平参差不齐等问题。为此，本文提出了我国国境生物安全现代化体系建设路径：建立常态化的部门间体系互认机制，推动传染病联防联控工作机制常态化，加强各部门间信息共享；推进境外传染病监测哨点建设，建立卫生检疫官工作机制，完善境外生物安全风险监测，建立多点触发预警机制，积极参与国际公共卫生合作网络；加强口岸实验室能力建设，提升病原检测和识别能力，推动适用于口岸应用场景的检测设备开发，加快口岸生物安全实物资源库建设。
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