2023年 第25卷 第6期
《中国工程科学》 >> 2023年 第25卷 第6期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.06.006
我国算力服务体系构建及路径研究
1. 中南大学商学院，长沙410083；
2. 湘江实验室，长沙410205；
3. 湖南工商大学前沿交叉学院，长沙410205
下一篇 上一篇
摘要
算力服务是数字中国建设的重要基础和支撑，是提升国家数字化能力和核心竞争力的关键因素。在数字中国背景下，算力服务体系需要适应不同领域、层次和场景的算力需求，实现算力资源的合理配置和高效利用，引领数字经济的发展和创新。本文基于全球视角和我国现状，厘清了算力服务的内涵，剖析了我国算力服务发展中存在的供需矛盾突出、算力基础资源分布不均匀、资源流通途径尚未建立、技术服务标准不统一等痛点问题，从算力服务形态基础、演进模型、顶层设计三个方面提出了我国算力服务体系建设的总体架构，并全面阐述了我国算力服务体系重点战略和发展路径。研究建议：加强算力顶层设计，推进算网融合发展；优化算力资源布局，降低算力使用门槛；搭建算力共享平台，盘活社会算力价值；健全算力利用机制，建立算力租赁制度；激发科技攻关潜力，发挥算力人才优势。
图片
图1
图2
图3
图4
参考文献
[ 1 ]
李帅峥, 冯也苏. 数字政府与智慧城市协同建设路径思考 [J]. 信息通信技术与政策, 2023 (1): 58‒64.
Li S Z, Feng Y S. Thinking on the path of collaborative construction of digital government and smart city [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2023 (1): 58‒64.
[ 2 ]
钱敏. 聚焦"数据二十条" 背景下的数据要素化 [J]. 人民周刊, 2023 (5): 62‒63.
Qian M. Focus on data elementalization in the context of "20 data items" [J]. People´s Weekly, 2023 (5): 62‒63.
[ 3 ]
吕廷杰, 刘峰. 数字经济背景下的算力网络研究 [J]. 北京交通大学学报(社会科学版), 2021, 20(1): 11‒18.
Lyu T J, Liu F. Information infrastructure of digital economy and computing first networking [J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University (Social Sciences Edition), 2021, 20(1): 11‒18.
[ 4 ]
刘宇航, 张菲. 计算概念谱系: 算势、算力、算术、算法、算礼 [J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2022, 37(10): 1500‒1510.
Liu Y H, Zhang F. Computing concept genealogy: Potential, power, arithmetic, algorithm and ritual of computation [J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2022, 37(10): 1500‒1510.
[ 5 ]
陈晓红, 李杨扬, 宋丽洁, 等. 数字经济理论体系与研究展望 [J]. 管理世界, 2022, 38(2): 208‒224, 13‒16.
Chen X H, Li Y Y, Song L J, et al. Theoretical framework and research prospect of digital economy [J]. Journal of Management World, 2022, 38(2): 208‒224, 13‒16.
[ 6 ]
国家互联网信息办公室. 数字中国发展报告(2022年) [EB/OL].(2023-05-23)[2023-08-02]. http: //www.cac.gov.cn/2023-05/22/c_1686402318492248.htm.
Cyberspace Administration of China. Digital China development report (2022) [EB/OL]. (2023-05-23)[2023-08-02]. http: //www.cac.gov.cn/2023-05/22/c_1686402318492248.htm.
[ 7 ]
陈晓红. 两会声音2 [EB/OL].(2023-03-10)[2023-08-01]. https: //www.cnii.com.cn/rmydb/202303/t20230310_453458.html.
Chen X H. Proposal 2 for the two sessions [EB/OL]. (2023-03-10)[2023-08-01]. https: //www.cnii.com.cn/rmydb/202303/t20230310_453458.html.
[ 8 ]
湖南省工业和信息化厅, 湖南省国防科技工业局. 强化多样性算力服务建设 激发数字经济发展动能 [EB/OL].(2023-03-07)[2023-08-01]. https: //gxt.hunan.gov.cn/gxt/syzt/2023qglhg/qglhdbsyg/202303/t20230307_29265936.html.
Department of Industry and Information Technology of Hunan Province, Defense Science and Technology Industry Bureau of Hunan Province. Strengthen the construction of diverse computility services to stimulate the momentum of digital economic development [EB/OL]. (2023-03-07)[2023-08-01]. https: //gxt.hunan.gov.cn/gxt/syzt/2023qglhg/qglhdbsyg/202303/t20230307_29265936.html.
[ 9 ]
中国信息通信研究院. 中国算力发展指数白皮书(2022年) [EB/OL].(2022-11)[2023-08-01].http: //www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/qwfb/bps/202211/t20221105_411006.htm.
China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. China´s computility development index white paper (2022) [EB/OL]. (2022-11)[2023-08-01].http: //www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/qwfb/bps/202211/t20221105_411006.htm.
[10]
全球产业研究院. 2022—2023全球计算力指数评估报告 [EB/OL]. (2023-07-19)[2023-08-02]. https: //www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1175/105480.htm.
Global Industry Research Institute. 2022—2023 global computility index assessment report [EB/OL].(2023-07-19)[2023-08-02].https: //www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1175/105480.htm.
[11]
胡锦明. 工信部: 我国算力核心产业规模达到1.8万亿 [EB/OL].(2023-07-18)[2023-09-05]. http: //www.iitime.com.cn/html/10201/15193730.htm.
Hu J M. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: China´s computility core industry scale reaches 1.8 trillion yuan [EB/OL]. (2023-07-18)[2023-09-05]. http: //www.iitime.com.cn/html/10201/15193730.htm.
[12]
中国信息通信研究院. 中国智慧农业发展研究报告 [EB/OL].(2021-12)[2023-09-03].https: //pdf.dfcfw.com/pdf/H3_AP202201061538808867_1.pdf?1641482951000.pdf.
China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. China smart agriculture development research report [EB/OL]. (2021-12)[2023-09-03]. https: //pdf.dfcfw.com/pdf/H3_AP202201061538808867_1.pdf?1641482951000.pdf.
[13]
黄琪轩. 大国战略竞争与美国对华技术政策变迁 [J]. 外交评论(外交学院学报), 2020, 37(3): 94‒120, 7.
Huang Q X. Power competition and the evolution of the U.S. tech policy towards China [J]. Foreign Affairs Review, 2020, 37(3): 94‒120, 7.
[14]
华为, 中国信息通信研究院. 数字政府云原生基础设施白皮书 [EB/OL].(2021-06-28)[2023-08-01].http: //www.news.cn/info/rdzt/ycyy/download/202106.pdf.
Huawei, China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. White paper on digital government cloud-native infrastructure [EB/OL]. (2021-06)[2023-08-01].http: //www.news.cn/info/rdzt/ycyy/download/202106.pdf.
[15] Mohammadi N, Taylor J E. Thinking fast and slow in disaster decision-making with Smart City Digital Twins [J]. Nature Computational Science, 2021, 1: 771‒773.
[16] Zhao C, Lv Y S, Jin J C, et al. DeCAST in TransVerse for parallel intelligent transportation systems and smart cities: Three decades and beyond [J]. IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, 2022, 14(6): 6‒17.
[17] Herman D, Googin C, Liu X Y, et al. Quantum computing for finance [J]. Nature Reviews Physics, 2023, 5: 450‒465.
[18] Luo Q Y, Hu S H, Li C L, et al. Resource scheduling in edge computing: A survey [J]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2021, 23(4): 2131‒2165.
[19] Mao B M, Liu J J, Wu Y Y, et al. Security and privacy on 6G network edge: A survey [J]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2023, 25(2): 1095‒1127.
[20] Guo H Z, Li J Y, Liu J J, et al. A survey on space-air-ground-sea integrated network security in 6G [J]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2022, 24(1): 53‒87.
[21] Xiong Z H, Zhang Y, Luong N C, et al. The best of both worlds: A general architecture for data management in blockchain-enabled Internet-of-things [J]. IEEE Network, 2020, 34(1): 166‒173.
[22]
谷业凯. 我国计算力水平位居全球第二 [EB/OL].(2023-07-28)[2023-08-01]. https: //www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202307/content_6894935.htm.
Gu Y K. China´s computility ranks second in the world [EB/OL]. (2023-07-28)[2023-08-01]. https: //www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202307/content_6894935.htm.
[23]
浪潮信息. 2022—2023中国人工智能计算力发展评估报告 [EB/OL].(2022-12-29)[2023-08-01]. https: //www.inspur.com/lcjtww/resource/cms/article/2448319/2734787/2022122601.pdf.
Inspur Information. 2022—2023 China artificial intelligence computility development assessment report [EB/OL]. (2022-12-29)[2023-08-01]. https: //www.inspur.com/lcjtww/resource/cms/article/2448319/2734787/2022122601.pdf.
[24]
前瞻研究院. 大国算力——2022年东数西算机遇展望 [EB/OL].(2022-09-07)[2023-09-06]. https: //pdf.dfcfw.com/pdf/H3_AP202209271578704670_1.pdf?1664289024000.pdf.
Prospective Research Institute. Superpower computility—Opportunities and outlook for East and West Computing in 2022 [EB/OL]. (2022-09-07)[2023-09-06]. https: //pdf.dfcfw.com/pdf/H3_AP202209271578704670_1.pdf?1664289024000.pdf.
[25]
中国信息通信研究院.中国绿色算力发展研究报告(2023) [EB/OL].(2023-07-03)[2023-08-01].http: //221.179.172.81/images/20230705/79681688505682007.pdf.
China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. Research report on China´s green computing development (2023) [EB/OL]. (2023-07-03)[2023-08-01]. http: //221.179.172.81/images/20230202/79681688505682007.pdf.
[26]
钱德沛, 栾钟治, 刘轶. 从网格到“东数西算”: 构建国家算力基础设施 [J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2022, 48(9): 1561‒1574.
Qian D P, Luan Z Z, Liu Y. From grid to "East-west Computing Transfer": Constructing national computing infrastructure [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2022, 48(9): 1561‒1574.
[27]
梁芳, 佟恬, 马贺荣, 等. 东数西算下算力网络发展分析 [J]. 信息通信技术与政策, 2022 (11): 79‒83.
Liang F, Tong T, Ma H R, et al. Analysis of the development of the computing power network under east-data-west-computing project [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2022 (11): 79‒83.
[28]
王少鹏, 邱奔. 算网协同对算力产业发展的影响分析 [J]. 信息通信技术与政策, 2022 (3): 29‒33.
Wang S P, Qiu B. Analysis on the impact of computing network collaboration on the development of computing power industry [J]. Information and Communications Technology and Policy, 2022 (3): 29‒33.
[29]
邓平科, 张同须, 施南翔, 等. 星算网络——空天地一体化算力融合网络新发展 [J]. 电信科学, 2022, 38(6): 71‒81.
Deng P K, Zhang T X, Shi N X, et al. Computing satellite networks—The novel development of computing-empowered space-air-ground integrated networks [J]. Telecommunications Science, 2022, 38(6): 71‒81.
[30] Hazra A, Rana P, Adhikari M, et al. Fog computing for next-generation Internet of Things: Fundamental, state-of-the-art and research challenges [J]. Computer Science Review, 2023, 48: 100549.
[31] Wu Y L, Dai H N, Wang H Z, et al. A survey of intelligent network slicing management for industrial IoT: Integrated approaches for smart transportation, smart energy, and smart factory [J]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2022, 24(2): 1175‒1211.
[32]
中国信息通信研究院. 中国算力服务研究报告(2023年) [EB/OL].(2023-07)[2023-09-02].http: //www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/qwfb/bps/202211/t20221105_411006.htm.
China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. China computility service research report (2023) [EB/OL]. (2023-07)[2023-09-02]. http: //www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/qwfb/bps/202211/t20221105_411006.htm.
京公网安备 11010502051620号
