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期刊论文 34

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Molybdenum disulfide@nickel phyllosilicate hybrid for improving the flame retardancy and wear resistance

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第12期   页码 2114-2126 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2357-1

摘要： In this study, nickel phyllosilicate was synthesized based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2@NiPS) by the sol-gel method, and then MoS2@NiPS was used to prepare epoxy composites. The thermal stability, flame retardancy, and frictional performances of epoxy composites were studied. With the addition of 3 wt% MoS2@NiPS, the epoxy composite increased the limiting oxygen index from 23.8% to 26.1% and reduced the vertical burning time from 166 s for epoxy resin to 35 s. The residual char of the epoxy composite increased from 11.8 to 20.2 wt%. MoS2@NiPS promoted the graphitization of the residual char, and facilitated the formation of a dense and continuous char layer, thereby improving the fire safety of epoxy resin. The epoxy composite with 3 wt% MoS2@NiPS had excellent wear resistance property with a wear rate of 2.19 × 10−5 mm3·N–1·m–1, which was 68.8% lower than that of epoxy resin. This study presented a practical approach to improve the frictional and fire resistance of epoxy composites.

关键词： molybdenum disulfide     nickel phyllosilicate     epoxy resin     flame retardancy    

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Flame-retardancy cellulosic triboelectric materials enabled by hydroxyl ionization

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11705-024-2464-7

摘要： Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are among the most promising available energy harvesting methods. Cellulose-based TENGs are flexible, renewable, and degradable. However, the flammability of cellulose prevents it from being used in open-flame environments. In this study, the lattice of cellulose was adjusted by the hydroxyl ionization of cellulose molecules, and Na+ was introduced to enhance the flame retardancy of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The experimental results showed that the amount of hydrogen bonding between cellulose molecules increased with the introduction of Na+ and that the limiting oxygen index reached 36.4%. The lattice spacing of cellulose increased from 0.276 to 0.286 nm, and the change in lattice structure exposed more hydroxyl groups, which changed the polarity of cellulose. The surface potential of the fibers increased from 239 to 323 mV, the maximum open-circuit voltage was 25 V·cm–2, the short-circuit current was 2.10 μA, and the output power density was 4.56 μW·cm–2. Compared with those of CNFs, the output voltage, current, and transferred charge increased by 96.8%, 517%, and 23%, respectively, and showed good stability and reliability during cyclic exposure. This study provides a valuable strategy for improving the performance of cellulose-based TENGs.
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A strategy to synthesize phosphorus-containing nickel phyllosilicate whiskers to enhance the flame retardancy

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11705-024-2391-7

摘要： To enhance the fire safety and wear resistance of epoxy, phosphorus-containing nickel phyllosilicate whiskers (FP-NiPS) were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal technology, with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene as the organic modifier. The impacts of FP-NiPS on the thermal stability, flame retardancy, and mechanical and tribological properties of EP composites were explored. The findings demonstrated that 5 wt % FP-NiPS elevated the limiting oxygen index of the EP composite from 23.8% to 28.4%, achieving a V-0 rating during vertical burning tests. FP-NiPS could enhance the thermal stability of epoxy resin (EP) and facilitate the development of a dense and continuous carbon layer, thereby significantly improving the fire safety of the EP composites. The FP-NiPS led to an 8.2% increase in the tensile strength and a 38.8% increase in the elastic modulus of the EP composite, showing outstanding mechanical properties. Furthermore, FP-NiPS showed remarkable potential in enhancing the wear resistance of EP. The wear rate of 1 wt % FP-NiPS is 2.34 × 10−5 mm3·N–1·m–1, a decrease of 66.7% compared to EP. This work provides a novel promising modification method to enhance the fire safety, mechanical and wear resistance properties of EP.

关键词： nickel phyllosilicate     epoxy resin     flame retardant     wear resistance     mechanical property    

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Superior Mechanical Behavior and Flame Retardancy FRP via a Distribution Controllable 1D/2D Hybrid Nanoclay

Zixuan Chen,Tianyu Yu,Zetian Yang,Zhibiao Wei,Yan Li,Weidong Yang,Tao Yu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.017

摘要： The incorporation of commercial flame retardants into fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has been proposed as a potential solution to improve the latter’s poor flame resistance. However, this approach often poses a challenge, as it can adversely affect the mechanical properties of the FRP. Thus, balancing the need for improved flame resistance with the preservation of mechanical integrity remains a complex issue in FRP research. Addressing this critical concern, this study introduces a novel additive system featuring a combination of one-dimensional (1D) hollow tubular structured halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and two-dimensional (2D) polygonal flake-shaped nano kaolinite (NKN). By employing a 1D/2D hybrid kaolinite nanoclay system, this research aims to simultaneously improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties. This innovative approach offers several advantages. During combustion and pyrolysis processes, the 1D/2D hybrid kaolinite nanoclay system proves effective in reducing heat release and volatile leaching. Furthermore, the system facilitates the formation of reinforcing skeletons through a crosslinking mechanism during pyrolysis, resulting in the development of a compact char layer. This char layer acts as a protective barrier, enhancing the material’s resistance to heat and flames. In terms of mechanical properties, the multilayered polygonal flake-shaped 2D NKN plays a crucial role by impeding the formation of cracks that typically arise from vulnerable areas, such as adhesive phase particles. Simultaneously, the 1D HNT bridges these cracks within the matrix, ensuring the structural integrity of the composite material. In an optimal scenario, the homogeneously distributed 1D/2D hybrid kaolinite nanoclays exhibit remarkable results, with a 51.0% improvement in mode II fracture toughness (GIIC), indicating increased resistance to crack propagation. In addition, there is a 34.5% reduction in total heat release, signifying improved flame retardancy. This study represents a significant step forward in the field of composite materials. The innovative use of hybrid low-dimensional nanomaterials offers a promising avenue for the development of multifunctional composites. By carefully designing and incorporating these nanoclays, researchers can potentially create a new generation of FRP composites that excel in both flame resistance and mechanical strength.

关键词： 1D/2D nanoclays     Hierarchical distribution     Flame retardancy     Fiber-reinforced polymer     Damage mechanism    

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新一代潜在阻燃高分子材料——聚合物/无机物纳米复合材料

欧育湘,吴俊浩,王建荣

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第2期   页码 86-90

摘要：

文章综述了一类新型潜在阻燃高分子材料--聚合物/无机物纳米复合材料。简述了这类材料的特征及制备方法，详述了PPgMA（顺丁烯二酸酐接枝聚丙烯）/LS（层状硅酸盐）及PS/LS两种纳米复合材料的阻燃性能，并讨论了材料结构与阻燃性的关系。

关键词： 高聚物     纳米复合材料     阻燃    

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Exceptionally flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam composites: synergistic effect of the silicone

Qian Wu, Jincheng Zhang, Shengpeng Wang, Bajin Chen, Yijun Feng, Yongbing Pei, Yue Yan, Longcheng Tang, Huayu Qiu, Lianbin Wu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 969-983 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1988-8

摘要： A facile strategy was developed to fabricate flexible polyurethane (PU) foam composites with exceptional flame retardancy. The approach involves the incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) into a silicone resin (SiR) solution, which is then deposited onto a PU foam surface via the dip-coating technique and cured. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy measurements demonstrated that the SiR and GO were successfully coated onto the PU skeleton and the intrinsic porous structure of the PU foam remained intact. The effects of SiR and GO on the mechanical and thermal stability and flame retardancy of PU composites were evaluated through compression tests, thermogravimetric analysis, vertical combustion tests, and the limiting oxygen index. The measurement results revealed that the composites (PU@SiR-GO) showed superior flame retardancy and thermal and mechanical stability compared to pristine PU or PU coated with SiR alone. The mechanical and thermal stability and the flame-retardant properties of the PU composites were enhanced significantly with increasing GO content. Based on the composition, microstructure, and surface morphology of PU@SiR-GO composites before and after combustion tests, a possible flame-retardance mechanism is proposed. This work provides a simple and effective strategy for fabricating flame-retardant composites with improved mechanical performance.

关键词： flame retardancy     flexible polyurethane foam     graphene oxide     silicone resin    

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一种用于隔热、阻燃和抑烟的可发性聚苯乙烯泡沫的高效绿色多孔黏合剂 Article

李蒙恩, 赵海波, 程金波, 汪婷, 付腾, 张爱泞, 王玉忠

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第10期   页码 151-160 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.032

摘要：

为解决建筑保温用可发性聚苯乙烯（EPS）泡沫阻燃、抑烟和隔热之间的矛盾，设计制备了一种新型的基于植酸（PA）改性淀粉的绿色多孔生物基阻燃淀粉（FRS）涂层。FRS可同时起到阻燃剂和黏合剂的作用，自身具有开孔结构，可与EPS珠粒的封闭单元形成多级孔结构，使得所得FRS-EPS泡沫表现出隔热性能，导热率仅27.0 mW⋅(m⋅K)−1。该FRS-EPS 泡沫表现出极低的热释放和烟释放速率，具有优异的阻燃性和抑烟性。比光密度低至121，比纯EPS降低了80.6%。FRS-EPS在垂直燃烧试验中也表现出自熄灭行为，极限氧指数（LOI）值高达35.5%。在酒精灯灼烧30 min 后，FRS-EPS的背部温度仅140 °C，具有优异的耐火性。阻燃机理研究表明，高温下FRS在凝聚相中形成了致密的富磷杂化屏障，气相中形成的含磷化合物实现了阻燃和抑烟。该工作为制备具有优异阻燃性、抑烟性和隔热性的聚合物泡沫提供了新思路。

关键词： 生物基多孔涂层     可发性聚苯乙烯泡沫     低导热率     阻燃性     抑烟性    

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Transient process of methane-oxygen diffusion flame-street establishment in a microchannel

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 988-999 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0755-y

摘要： “Flame-street” is an interesting diffusion flame behavior in which a series of flame-segments is separately distributed along the mixing layer in a narrow channel. This experimental phenomenon was experimentally and numerically investigated with the focus on the steady-state, thermo-chemical flame structures in previous literature. In the present paper, the dynamic formation process of a methane-oxygen diffusion flame-street structure was simulated with a reacting flow solver developed based on the open-source framework OpenFOAM. By imposing a certain amount of ignition-energy near the channel outlet, a reaction-kernel was formed and bifurcated. Subsequently, three separate flames were consecutively generated from this kernel and propagated within the channel. The whole process was completed within 15 ms and all the discrete flames were eventually in a steady-state. Interestingly, different propagation features were observed for the three flame segments: The leading flame experienced a flame shape/type change from a tribrachial structure in its fast-propagating phase to a long, trailing diffusion tail after being anchored to the inlet. The successive flame had a much lower propagation speed, keeping its two wing-like (fuel-lean premixed and fuel-rich premixed) structure while moving toward its stabilization location, which was approximately in the middle of the channel. The last flame, after the ignition source was turned-off, was immediately convected a bit downstream, and eventually featured a similar two-branch-like structure as the second one. Moreover, chemical insights for the premixed and diffusion branches of the leading flame were also provided with the change of significance of some key elementary reactions focused on, in order to attain a detailed profiling of the flame-type transition. This paper is a first-ever one discussing the transient formation of flame-streets in literature and is believed to be useful for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of this unique flame characteristics from a dynamic point of view.

关键词： micro-combustion     flame-street     diffusion flame     mixing layer     flame propagation speed    

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NC flame pipe cutting machine tool based on open architecture CNC system

Xiaogen NIE, Yanbing LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第2期   页码 147-152 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0025-x

摘要： Based on the analysis of the principle and flame movement of a pipe cutting machine tool, a retrofit NC flame pipe cutting machine tool (NFPCM) that can meet the demands of cutting various pipes is proposed. The paper deals with the design and implementation of an open architecture CNC system for the NFPCM, many of whose aspects are similar to milling machines; however, different from their machining processes and control strategies. The paper emphasizes on the NC system structure and the method for directly creating the NC file according to the cutting type and parameters. Further, the paper develops the program and sets up the open and module NC system.

关键词： flame pipe cutting     flame incision tracks     CNC     open architecture CNC system    

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Experimental study on the laminar flame speed of hydrogen/natural gas/air mixtures

Chen DONG, Qulan ZHOU, Xiaoguang ZHANG, Qinxin ZHAO, Tongmo XU, Shi’en HUI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 417-422 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0515-8

摘要： Laminar flame speeds of hydrogen/natural gas/air mixtures have been measured over a full range of fuel compositions (0–100% volumetric fraction of H ) and a wide range of equivalence ratio using Bunsen burner. High sensitivity scientific CCD camera is use to capture the image of laminar flame. The reaction zone area is employed to calculate the laminar flame speed. The initial temperature and pressure of fuel air mixtures are 293 K and 1 atm. The laminar flame speeds of hydrogen/air mixture and natural gas/air mixture reach their maximum values 2.933 and 0.374 m/s when equivalence ratios equal to 1.7 and 1.1, respectively. The laminar flame speeds of hydrogen/natural gas/air mixtures rise with the increase of volumetric fraction of hydrogen. Moreover, the increase in laminar flame speed as the volumetric fraction of hydrogen increases presents an exponential increasing trend versus volumetric fraction of hydrogen. Empirical formulas to calculate the laminar flame speeds of hydrogen, natural gas, and hydrogen/natural gas mixtures are also given. Using these formulas, the laminar flame speed at different hydrogen fractions and equivalence ratios can be calculated.

关键词： laminar flame speed     experimental study     Bunsen flame    

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Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 263-276 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0791-7

摘要： The laminar flame speeds of ammonia mixed with syngas at a high pressure, temperature, and different syngas ratios were measured. The data obtained were fitted at different pressures, temperatures, syngas ratios, and equivalence ratios. Four kinetic models (the Glarborg model, Shrestha model, Mei model, and Han model) were compared and validated with experimental data. Pathway, sensitivity and radical pool analysis are conducted to find out the deep kinetic insight on ammonia oxidation and NO formation. The pathway analysis shows that H abstraction reactions and NHi combination reactions play important roles in ammonia oxidation. NO formation is closely related to H, OH, the O radical produced, and formation reactions. NO is mainly formed from reaction, HNO+ H= NO+ H2. Furthermore, both ammonia oxidation and NO formation are sensitive to small radical reactions and ammonia related reactions.

关键词： ammonia mixed with syngas     laminar flame speed     kinetic model     sensitivity analysis     pathway analysis    

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Flame-retardant properties of

Kumar Sai SMARAN, Rajashekar BADAM, Raman VEDARAJAN, Noriyoshi MATSUMI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 163-171 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0554-2

摘要： This paper focuses on the superiority of organic-inorganic hybrid ion-gel electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) over commercial electrolytes, such as 1 M LiPF in 1:1 ethylene carbonate (EC): dimethyl carbonate (DMC) {1 M LiPF -EC: DMC}, in terms of their flame susceptibility. These ion-gel electrolytes possess ionic liquid monomers, which are confined within the borosilicate or silicate matrices that are ideal for non-flammability. Naked flame tests confirm that the organic-inorganic hybrid electrolytes are less susceptible to flames, and these electrolytes do not suffer from a major loss in terms of weight. In addition, the hybrids are self-extinguishable. Therefore, these hybrids are only oxidized when subjected to a flame unlike other commercial electrolytes used in lithium-ion batteries. Supplementary analyses using differential scanning calorimetric studies reveal that the hybrids are glassy until the temperature reaches more than 100°C. The current results are consistent with previously published data on the organic-inorganic hybrids.

关键词： inorganic polymeric borosilicate network     organic-inorganic hybrids     self-extinguishability     nonflammability     lithium batteries     flame-retardants    

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A low-density polyethylene composite with phosphorus-nitrogen based flame retardant and multi-walledcarbon nanotubes for enhanced electrical conductivity and acceptable flame retardancy

Yong Luo, Yuhui Xie, Renjie Chen, Ruizhi Zheng, Hua Wu, Xinxin Sheng, Delong Xie, Yi Mei

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1332-1345 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2035-0

摘要： Design and exploitation of flame retardant polymers with high electrical conductivity are desired for polymer applications in electronics. Herein, a novel phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant was synthesized from pentaerythritol octahydrogen tetraphosphate, phenylphosphonyl dichloride, and aniline. Low-density polyethylene was combined with the flame retardant and multi-walled carbon nanotubes to form a nanocomposite material via a ball-milling and hot-pressing method. The electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, thermal performance, and flame retardancy of the composites were investigated using a four-point probe instrument, universal tensile machine, thermogravimetric analysis, and cone calorimeter tests, respectively. It was found that the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes can significantly improve the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the low-density polyethylene composites. Furthermore, the combination of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and phosphorus–nitrogen flame retardant remarkably enhances the flame retardancy of matrixes with an observed decrease of the peak heat release rate and total heat release of 49.8% and 51.9%, respectively. This study provides a new and effective methodology to substantially enhance the electrical conductivity and flame retardancy of polymers with an attractive prospect for polymer applications in electrical equipment.

关键词： MWCNTs     PEPA     electrical conductivity     flame retardant     low density polyethylene    

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A method of determining flame radiation fraction induced by interaction burning of tri-symmetric propane

Jie JI, Junrui DUAN, Huaxian WAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 1017-1026 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0716-x

摘要： The interaction of multiple fires may lead to a higher flame height and more intense radiation flux than a single fire, which increases the possibility of flame spread and risks to the surroundings. Experiments were conducted using three burners with identical heat release rates (HRRs) and propane as the fuel at various spacings. The results show that flames change from non-merging to merging as the spacing decreases, which result in a complex evolution of flame height and merging point height. To facilitate the analysis, a novel merging criterion based on the dimensionless spacing / was proposed. For non-merging flames ( / >0.368), the flame height is almost identical to a single fire; for merging flames ( / ≤0.368), based on the relationship between thermal buoyancy and thrust (the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the flame), a quantitative analysis of the flame height, merging point height, and air entrainment was formed, and the calculated merging flame heights show a good agreement with the measured experimental values. Moreover, the multi-point source model was further improved, and radiation fraction of propane was calculated. The data obtained in this study would play an important role in calculating the external radiation of propane fire.

关键词： flame interaction     air entrainment     flame height     multi-point source model     thermal radiation    

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Recent progress in electric-field assisted combustion: a brief review

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 883-899 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0770-z

摘要： The control of combustion is a hot and classical topic. Among the combustion technologies, electric-field assisted combustion is an advanced techno-logy that enjoys major advantages such as fast response and low power consumption compared with thermal power. However, its fundamental principle and impacts on the flames are complicated due to the coupling between physics, chemistry, and electromagnetics. In the last two decades, tremendous efforts have been made to understand electric-field assisted combustion. New observations have been reported based on different combustion systems and improved diagnostics. The main impacts, including flame stabilization, emission reduction, and flame propagation, have been revealed by both simulative and experimental studies. These findings significantly facilitate the application of electric-field assisted combustion. This brief review is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent progress of this combustion technology and further point out research opportunities worth investigation.

关键词： electric field     combustion     flame stabilization     emission reduction     flame propagation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Molybdenum disulfide@nickel phyllosilicate hybrid for improving the flame retardancy and wear resistance

期刊论文

Flame-retardancy cellulosic triboelectric materials enabled by hydroxyl ionization

期刊论文

A strategy to synthesize phosphorus-containing nickel phyllosilicate whiskers to enhance the flame retardancy

期刊论文

Superior Mechanical Behavior and Flame Retardancy FRP via a Distribution Controllable 1D/2D Hybrid Nanoclay

Zixuan Chen,Tianyu Yu,Zetian Yang,Zhibiao Wei,Yan Li,Weidong Yang,Tao Yu,

期刊论文

新一代潜在阻燃高分子材料——聚合物/无机物纳米复合材料

欧育湘,吴俊浩,王建荣

期刊论文

Exceptionally flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam composites: synergistic effect of the silicone

Qian Wu, Jincheng Zhang, Shengpeng Wang, Bajin Chen, Yijun Feng, Yongbing Pei, Yue Yan, Longcheng Tang, Huayu Qiu, Lianbin Wu

期刊论文

一种用于隔热、阻燃和抑烟的可发性聚苯乙烯泡沫的高效绿色多孔黏合剂

李蒙恩, 赵海波, 程金波, 汪婷, 付腾, 张爱泞, 王玉忠

期刊论文

Transient process of methane-oxygen diffusion flame-street establishment in a microchannel

期刊论文

NC flame pipe cutting machine tool based on open architecture CNC system

Xiaogen NIE, Yanbing LIU

期刊论文

Experimental study on the laminar flame speed of hydrogen/natural gas/air mixtures

Chen DONG, Qulan ZHOU, Xiaoguang ZHANG, Qinxin ZHAO, Tongmo XU, Shi’en HUI

期刊论文

Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and

期刊论文

Flame-retardant properties of

Kumar Sai SMARAN, Rajashekar BADAM, Raman VEDARAJAN, Noriyoshi MATSUMI

期刊论文

A low-density polyethylene composite with phosphorus-nitrogen based flame retardant and multi-walledcarbon nanotubes for enhanced electrical conductivity and acceptable flame retardancy

Yong Luo, Yuhui Xie, Renjie Chen, Ruizhi Zheng, Hua Wu, Xinxin Sheng, Delong Xie, Yi Mei

期刊论文

A method of determining flame radiation fraction induced by interaction burning of tri-symmetric propane

Jie JI, Junrui DUAN, Huaxian WAN

期刊论文

Recent progress in electric-field assisted combustion: a brief review

期刊论文