资源类型

期刊论文 137

会议视频 11

年份

2024 1

2023 5

2022 20

2021 14

2020 10

2019 7

2018 7

2017 3

2016 12

2015 11

2014 5

2013 3

2012 5

2011 4

2010 4

2009 7

2008 3

2007 7

2006 4

2004 2

展开 ︾

关键词

环境保护 5

环境 4

生态保护 4

节能环保 4

保护 3

智慧环保 3

环保 3

能源 3

节能 3

互联网+ 2

仿生学 2

关键技术 2

冲刷防护 2

可持续发展 2

工程水压爆破 2

技术创新 2

政策建议 2

水喷淋 2

火灾 2

展开 ︾

检索范围：

排序： 展示方式：

Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relics

Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 330-335 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014055

摘要： The subject is implementing and innovating environmental protection measures, and promoting green protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges area. This thesis states its significance and effect in the beginning, and then summarizes seven pieces of main practice, includes five pieces of main effect. In the end, this thesis produces some relevant conclusions and suggestions about the subject.

关键词： environmental science     the Three Gorges cultural relics     innovate environmental protection measures     green protection    

HTML PDF 收藏

CROP PROTECTION OPENS UP NEW ERA OF CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPTIONS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021431

摘要：

China is the largest agricultural producer in the world. Reducing yield losses caused by pests is an important issue and major challenge for China, especially when confronting global climate change, biological invasions and declining agricultural biodiversity of recent decades. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the impacts of changing climate on two staple crops in China, wheat and rice (https://doi.org/FASE-2021432). They reviewed the impacts of climate change on crops, crop pests and crop diseases. Basically, increased temperature would reduce crop yields and increase pest damage. Biological invasions have become a serious threat to the agriculture worldwide. Developing approaches for monitoring and controlling invasive pests, such as fall armyworm, has been recognized as high priority for China. The excessive use of highly toxic pesticides has caused considerable damage to the environment and biodiversity, which is also one of the many contributors to the increasing outbreaks of pests and diseases. In addition, understanding interaction between crop pests and plant diseases is another critical challenge for agriculture. About 80% plant viruses can be transmitted by crop pest vectors such as aphids, whiteflies and other hemipteran pests. Therefore, to solve the problem of crop pests and diseases, suitable green crop protection methods have been identified as a key components of sustainable development. This special issue of Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering outlines potential conservation and utilization of green options for crop protection.

To prevent outbreaks of crop pests, an advanced monitoring and early warning system could be the first step in crop protection. The use of science and technology in monitoring and early warning of major crop pests provides better pest management and acts as a fundamental part of an integrated plant protection strategy to achieve the goal of sustainable development of agriculture. Wu et al. (this issue) summarized the fundamental information on pest monitoring and early warning in China by documenting the history of research and application, Chinese laws and regulations related to plant protection, and the National Monitoring and Early Warning System, with the purpose of presenting the Chinese model as an example of how to promote regional management of crop pests, especially cross border pests such as fall armyworm and locust, by international cooperation across pest-impacted countries (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021411). They provide an overview of long-term Chinese efforts in the fight against major pests and to present the country’s experience in crop pest monitoring and early warning technology to the world.

Field management is a traditional conservation agriculture technique on plant protection such as no-till cropping, crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping. Shi et al. (this issue) found that soil solarization is an environmental-friendly promising strategy that achieved complete mortality to the larvae of Bradysia cellarum (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021402). Crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping of different crops or plants could help to reduce the outbreak of crop pests and diseases. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the interactions and trade-offs between plants and entomophagous arthropods, and discussed a landscape management method by sowing flowering plants in agricultural fields (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021427). However, such methods are limited when crop pests have already become well established in crop fields.

Pesticides are widely used in the crop protection. The ideal pesticide should have high effectiveness in the control crop pests but low toxicity to non-target organisms. In this case, biopesticides including biochemical pesticides, microbial pesticides and plant-incorporated protectants are considered to be potential ideal pesticides for crop protection. Biochemical pesticides are the naturally occurring substances, they are derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Microbial pesticides mainly rely on bacteria, fungi, virus or protozoans as the active agent. They are environment-friendly biopesticides with high effectiveness and species-specificity, and have been commercialized worldwide, for example, Bacillus thuringiensis. Plant-incorporated protectants are products that are genetically incorporated into plant tissues including chemicals, proteins or dsRNA for pest control or anti-microbial activity. Qu et al. (this issue) systematically introduced bioinsecticides for pest control and discussed current constraints that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely used and proposed the future research directions in this issue (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021404). Xu et al. (this issue) optimized synthesis process of an anti-plant-virus candidate drug NK0238, and evaluated the antivirus activity and environmental safety of this product (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021390). Zhu et al. (this issue) investigated a new family of natural cyclic lipodepsipeptides with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. By genetic manipulation of accessory genes in the WAP biosynthetic gene cluster, new WAP-8294As were produced in Lysobacter, which confirmed the possibility to expand the spectrum of the biocontrol compounds (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021410). In addition, structural biology studies on action targets provides important insights on molecular functions. Using a structure-based drug design strategy, Zheng et al. (this issue) prepared a battery of novel triketone-quinoxaline compounds, which could be potentially applied to design new herbicides targeting p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021401).

With the development and application of new biotechnology in agriculture, opportunities for crop protection are great becoming more abundant, opening new approaches, such as genetic engineering, to improve the plant resistance against crop pests and diseases. It is now feasible to control pests by directly targeting genes that are essential for the development and survival of insects and pathogenic microorganisms, for example, the sterile insect technique based on gene-drive and RNA interference using dsRNA. In addition, it has been confirmed that some gene families are effective targets that indirectly contribute to crop pests and diseases protection by targeting the plant biochemical synthesis or virus transmitting pathways. In this case, identifying new genes associated with the interaction between crops, insects, microorganisms should be a key focus, both now and in the future. Huang et al. (this issue) summarized the recent research on the interaction between plant viruses and insect vectors, and discussed the potential control strategies to prevent the transmission of insect-vectored plant viruses using RNAi technology, gene editing technology and gene-driven technology (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021389).

We anticipate that the ideas and approaches highlighted in this issue will help broaden reader’s perspectives on every increasing prospect for a new era of sustainable and environment-friendly agricultural pest management.

HTML PDF 收藏

Bioengineering protection mechanism of city rock slope and its laboratory test

Desong JIANG, Minghua ZHAO, Chong JIANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 414-421 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0055-9

摘要： Based on the features of rock slope bioengineering protection, the ecology protection mechanism of the urban rock slope was discussed with the mechanics effect of plants and rock slope, and the reinforcement action mechanism of rock slope by plant root system was analyzed as well. Then, the corresponding mechanical model was proposed, from which the formula to calculate the increased shearing strength of the root system-earth compound body was derived. Moreover, the side slope rainfall interception, the runoff lagging, the soil antiseepage, and the soil layer consolidating effect were studied, respectively. Furthermore, the indoor model experiment of urban crag rock slope ecology protection was designed and completed, in which various grasses to plant in slope with different angles, solid earth forms, and the different strengthening earth mechanism were studied. Finally, the present method was applied in an engineering project, from which the antiwashing behavior of three kind of grasses (i.e., the Bahiagrass, the tall fescue, and the Bermudagrass) planted in the slope with an angle of 38°, 48°, and 58°, respectively, and different strengthening structures (i.e., the diamond wire netting, the geocell and the three-dimensional network) were obtained. The application results also show that the effect of geocell structure is the best one followed by the three-dimensional net and the diamond wire net. The antiwashing capability per unit area has a critical slope angle of about 25°. The reinforcing effect of Bermudagrass is better than the Bahiagrass and tall fescue.

关键词： indoor     engineering project     protection mechanism     different     runoff lagging    

HTML PDF 收藏

海洋维权的博弈问题

王磊,陈华,康美泽,马晓川

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第6期   页码 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.06.015

摘要：

本文以博弈论观点探讨海洋维权问题，包括海洋维权在处理海洋争端中的作用和地位，我国海洋维权博弈的性质、方向及博弈要素。当前阶段，推动海洋维权博弈微观化、事务性处理，从维权斗争向联合管治方向发展符合我国的国家利益。将作为海洋维权“斗争前线”的海上维权区分为“争议海区进入”“渔船越界维权”“非合作渔业博弈模型”3类基本博弈过程，分别开展博弈分析，据此研判我国海上维权力量建设的重点方向。研究表明：提高海洋产业科技水平、发展维权技术手段可以有效改变博弈收益，从而实现有利的博弈均衡；发展高技术干扰手段、水下防护技术、海洋广域监视技术和远海渔业开发技术，是在重复博弈过程中获得优势地位的重要保障。

关键词： 海洋维权     博弈     海上维权技术     联合国海洋法公约    

HTML PDF 收藏

Review of challenges and strategies for balanced urban–rural environmental protection in China

Beidou XI,Xiaoguang LI,Jixi GAO,Ying ZHAO,Hongliang LIU,Xunfeng XIA,Tianxue YANG,Lieyu ZHANG,Xuan JIA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 371-384 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0744-z

摘要： With the rise of environmentalism in China, great efforts have been devoted to environmental protection over the past several decades. Compared with urban environmental protection, rural environmental protection has not been attached enough importance in China due to the dual-track structure of socio-economic development. As a result, rural China is shouldering disproportionally heavy environmental burdens partly because of the differences and biases between urban and rural environmental protection seen in environmental policies, environmental rights and interests, environmental protection investment, and the environmental protection awareness of people. To eliminate the gap between rural and urban environmental protection, and achieve the goal of “balanced urban–rural environmental protection” (BUREP), government should consider mapping out proper policies and strategies. In this paper we put forward an innovative strategy of BUREP against the background of China’s urban-rural environmental protection. First, we review the current status of rural environmental protection status and its challenges compared with urban environmental protection in China. Secondly, we analyzed the main driving factors and reasons deeply, and then we put forward the BUREP strategy base on the unequal status between urban and rural environment. Finally, we proposed the framework of BUREP. This study may serve as a scientific reference regarding decision-making in coordinating urban and rural environmental protection and in constructing the new countryside of China.

关键词： urban environment     rural environment     balanced urban–rural environmental protection     framework of balanced urban–rural environmental protection (BUREP)    

HTML PDF 收藏

强化基本农田保护制度 永葆中华民族繁荣昌盛

李伯衡

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第3期   页码 1-5

摘要：

我国人多地少，随着经济建设的迅速发展，各种基本建设占用大量耕地。人口增加和耕地减少的矛盾日益突出。为了保证经济建设的可持续发展，我国政府决定实施基本农田保护制度，在详查耕地面积的基础上，划分出1，2级优质耕地作为基本农田强制保护。基本农田保护制度是中国可持续发展的重要保证，将永葆中华民族的繁荣昌盛。

关键词： 强化     耕地     保护    

HTML PDF 收藏

Development and utilization of underground space for the protection of relics in the Yang Emperor Mausoleum

CHEN Zhilong, ZHANG Ping, LI Juxi

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 229-233 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0028-9

摘要： By analyzing the ten burials that have been unearthed at the Yang Emperor Mausoleum of the Han Dynasty, and China s first wholly underground protection and exhibition hall of relics that is under construction, the article expounds the importance of relic site protection through underground space. In particular, it discusses the preservation of historical and cultural relics, the harmonious relationship between architecture and nature, and the collection and security of cultural relics.

关键词： importance     architecture     preservation     harmonious relationship     construction    

HTML PDF 收藏

Experimental study on fire protection methods of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fiber

HU Kexu, HE Guisheng, LU Fan

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 399-404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0054-7

摘要： In this paper, two reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and attached with thick-painted fire resistant coating were tested for fire resistance following the standard fire testing procedures. The experimental results show that the specimen pasted with the insulated layer of 50 mm in thickness could resist fire for 2.5 h. It is also demonstrated that the steel wire mesh embedded in the insulated layer can effectively prevent it from cracking and eroding under firing.

关键词： polymer     insulated     resistant     CFRP     resistance    

HTML PDF 收藏

China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection Adopted Draft Amendment to the Law on Prevention and Control

Fu Sun,Yi Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0890-6

HTML PDF 收藏

Experimental and modeling studies on installation of arc sprayed Zn anodes for protection of reinforced

Xianming SHI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 1-11 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0312-7

摘要： Arc sprayed zinc (Zn) anode on concrete surfaces has been an emerging technology for protecting reinforced concrete structures from rebar corrosion in coastal environments. Many cathodic protection (CP) systems with arc sprayed Zn anodes will reach or exceed their design life in the near future and thus may function improperly or insufficiently, making it necessary to replace the aged anodes. However, prior to this study, little was known about the most effective profile for the concrete surface, for either new concrete or old concrete with existing Zn anodes removed. This work develops criteria to properly prepare the concrete surface before the application of new Zn anode. Experimental studies were conducted both in the laboratory and for a field structure in Oregon. Artificial neural network was used to achieve better understanding of the complex cause-and-effect relationships inherent in the Zn-mortar or Zn–concrete systems and was successful in finding meaningful, logical results from the bond strength data. The goal is to achieve strong initial bond strength of new Zn to concrete, which is essential for long-term performance of the CP system. The results from this case study suggest that it is necessary to adjust the anode removal and surface sandblasting based on the electrochemical age of the existing concrete. In all cases of sandblasting, minimize the exposure of large aggregates (e.g., those bigger than 19 mm in diameter).

关键词： arc sprayed Zn     anode replacement     reinforced concrete     bridge preservation     neural networks     surface profile    

HTML PDF 收藏

Generation of enhanced stability of SnO/In(OH)/InP for photocatalytic water splitting by SnO protection

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 710-720 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0764-x

摘要： InP shows a very high efficiency for solar light to electricity conversion in solar cell and may present an expectation property in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. However, it suffers serious corrosion in water dispersion. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the stability and activity of the InP-based catalyst are effectively enhanced by applying an anti-corrosion SnO layer and In(OH)3 transition layer, which reduces the crystal mismatch between SnO and InP and increases charge transfer. The obtained Pt/SnO/In(OH)3/InP exhibits a hydrogen production rate of 144.42 µmol/g in 3 h under visible light illumination in multi-cycle tests without remarkable decay, 123 times higher than that of naked In(OH)3/InP without any electron donor under visible irradiation.

关键词： SnO/In(OH)3/InP photocatalyst     enhanced activity and stability for water splitting     corrosion inhibition     enhancing charge transfer and decreasing crystal mismatch    

HTML PDF 收藏

Host protection against Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages by prior vaccination in spring 2022 COVID-19 outbreak

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 562-575 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0977-3

摘要： The Omicron family of SARS-CoV-2 variants are currently driving the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we analyzed the clinical laboratory test results of 9911 Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages-infected symptomatic patients without earlier infection histories during a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Shanghai in spring 2022. Compared to an earlier patient cohort infected by SARS-CoV-2 prototype strains in 2020, BA.2.2 infection led to distinct fluctuations of pathophysiological markers in the peripheral blood. In particular, severe/critical cases of COVID-19 post BA.2.2 infection were associated with less pro-inflammatory macrophage activation and stronger interferon alpha response in the bronchoalveolar microenvironment. Importantly, the abnormal biomarkers were significantly subdued in individuals who had been immunized by 2 or 3 doses of SARS-CoV-2 prototype-inactivated vaccines, supporting the estimation of an overall 96.02% of protection rate against severe/critical disease in the 4854 cases in our BA.2.2 patient cohort with traceable vaccination records. Furthermore, even though age was a critical risk factor of the severity of COVID-19 post BA.2.2 infection, vaccination-elicited protection against severe/critical COVID-19 reached 90.15% in patients aged ≥ 60 years old. Together, our study delineates the pathophysiological features of Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages and demonstrates significant protection conferred by prior prototype-based inactivated vaccines.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2     COVID-19     host response     bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)    

HTML PDF 收藏

HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH FOR SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION ON THE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 501-511 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021425

摘要：

The Loess Plateau is the core area in the Yellow River basin for implementing environmental protection and high-quality development strategies. A series of ecological projects has implemented aimed at soil and water conservation and ecological management on the Loess Plateau over the past 70 years. The effects of the ecological projects are apparent mainly through a marked increase in vegetation cover, controlled soil erosion and reduced flow of sediment into the Yellow River, continual optimization of the industrial structure and increased production from arable land, poverty alleviation and greater prosperity, and optimal allocation of space for biological organisms. Major problems have also been analyzed in ecological management including the fragile ecosystem of the region, maintaining the stability of vegetation, lower agricultural productivity and continued risk from natural disasters. Some suitable schemes and models have been developed for the coordinated development of the region through research and demonstration, striking the optimum balance between rural industry and ecology, and increased regional capacity to supply high-quality ecological products. Countermeasures to address the problems are suggested to guide ecological management and high-quality development in the future.

 

关键词： ecological management     high quality development     industrial structure     soil erosion     soil and water conservation     Loess Plateau    

HTML PDF 收藏

中国农业生态保护的现状、问题及对策

卞有生

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第12期   页码 16-20

摘要：

中国农业是资源制约型农业，农业生态状况的好坏，在很大程度上制约着农业的发展，因此，也制约着中国经济的发展。文章在介绍了中国农业生态保护建设现状和当前存在的主要问题后，全面、深刻分析了中国农业生态恶化和破坏的主要原因并提出建设和保护农业生态环境的战略对策。

关键词： 农业环境     生态保护     对策    

HTML PDF 收藏

数字时代的知识产权保护

Kamil Idris

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第10期   页码 4-7

HTML PDF 收藏

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relics

Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun

期刊论文

CROP PROTECTION OPENS UP NEW ERA OF CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPTIONS

期刊论文

Bioengineering protection mechanism of city rock slope and its laboratory test

Desong JIANG, Minghua ZHAO, Chong JIANG,

期刊论文

海洋维权的博弈问题

王磊,陈华,康美泽,马晓川

期刊论文

Review of challenges and strategies for balanced urban–rural environmental protection in China

Beidou XI,Xiaoguang LI,Jixi GAO,Ying ZHAO,Hongliang LIU,Xunfeng XIA,Tianxue YANG,Lieyu ZHANG,Xuan JIA

期刊论文

强化基本农田保护制度 永葆中华民族繁荣昌盛

李伯衡

期刊论文

Development and utilization of underground space for the protection of relics in the Yang Emperor Mausoleum

CHEN Zhilong, ZHANG Ping, LI Juxi

期刊论文

Experimental study on fire protection methods of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fiber

HU Kexu, HE Guisheng, LU Fan

期刊论文

China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection Adopted Draft Amendment to the Law on Prevention and Control

Fu Sun,Yi Liu

期刊论文

Experimental and modeling studies on installation of arc sprayed Zn anodes for protection of reinforced

Xianming SHI

期刊论文

Generation of enhanced stability of SnO/In(OH)/InP for photocatalytic water splitting by SnO protection

期刊论文

Host protection against Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages by prior vaccination in spring 2022 COVID-19 outbreak

期刊论文

HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH FOR SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION ON THE

期刊论文

中国农业生态保护的现状、问题及对策

卞有生

期刊论文

数字时代的知识产权保护

Kamil Idris

期刊论文