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Not asthma, but GERD: case report

WANG Zhonggao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 115-119 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0022-6

摘要： Asthma is a disorder of the lungs characterized by increased responsiveness of the airways, as manifested by episodes of wheezing and increased resistance to expiratory airflow because of varying degrees of smooth muscle contraction, edema of the mucosa, and mucus in the lumen of the bronchi and bronchioles. The stimuli vary widely and include antigens, infection, air pollutants, respiratory tract irritants, exercise, and emotional factors. This condition is completely different from distress breathing because of laryngotracheal spasm. One of its causes is the gastric content reflux through the pharynx to the larynx because of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), in addition to the typical human avian flu that may cause immediate suffocation by laryngospasm owing to acute larygotrachitis. A patient suffered from GERD without esophageal symptoms, which was diagnosed and treated as bronchial asthma during his five emergency admissions. The admissions were because of episodic attacks of severe air hunger owing to an extreme throat tightening. The patient was being treated for as long as two years. After the correct diagnosis was made and treatment of laporascopic fundaplication was performed, the longstanding bronchial asthma , after all, completely disappeared. The concept of not asthma, but GERD seems undervalued, unappreciated, even misunderstood among patients with intractable asthma. Therefore, such a case is reported in detail, similar cases are mentioned briefly as well, and a mechanism responsible for GERD-originated larryngo- or laryngotracho-spasm is proposed.

关键词： resistance mechanism responsible unappreciated responsiveness different

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Genetic and clinical markers for predicting treatment responsiveness in rheumatoid arthritis

Xin Wu, Xiaobao Sheng, Rong Sheng, Hongjuan Lu, Huji Xu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 411-419 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0659-3

摘要： Although many drugs and therapeutic strategies have been developed for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, numerous patients with RA fail to respond to currently available agents. In this review, we provide an overview of the complexity of this autoimmune disease by showing the rapidly increasing number of genes associated with RA. We then systematically review various factors that have a predictive value (predictors) for the response to different drugs in RA treatment, especially recent advances. These predictors include but are certainly not limited to genetic variations, clinical factors, and demographic factors. However, no clinical application is currently available. This review also describes the challenges in treating patients with RA and the need for personalized medicine. At the end of this review, we discuss possible strategies to enhance the prediction of drug responsiveness in patients with RA.

关键词： rheumatoid arthritis gene clinical markers therapy

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Synthesis of MnFe

Jian LI,Yue JIAO,Caichao WAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第1期页码 116-120 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017141

摘要： Cellulose aerogel, with abundant three-dimensional architecture, has been considered as a class of ideal eco-friendly matrix materials to encapsulate various nanoparticles for synthesis of miscellaneous functional materials. In the present paper, hexagonal single-crystalline MnFe O was fabricated and inserted into the cellulose aerogel using an chemical precipitation method. The as-prepared MnFe O nanoparticles were well dispersed and immobilized in the micro/nanoscale pore structure of the aerogel, and exhibited superparamagnetic behavior. In addition, the nanocomposite was easily actuated under the effect of an external magnetic field, revealing its strong magnetic responsiveness. Combined with the advantages of environmental benefits, facile synthesis method, strong magnetic responsiveness, and unique structural feature, this class of MnFe O /cellulose aerogel nanocomposite has possible uses for applications such as magnetically actuated adsorbents.

关键词： cellulose aerogel MnFe₂O₄ magnetic responsiveness nanocomposite

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Reconfigurable manufacturing systems: Principles, design, and future trends

Yoram KOREN, Xi GU, Weihong GUO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第2期页码 121-136 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0483-0

摘要：

Reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs), which possess the advantages of both dedicated serial lines and flexible manufacturing systems, were introduced in the mid-1990s to address the challenges initiated by globalization. The principal goal of an RMS is to enhance the responsiveness of manufacturing systems to unforeseen changes in product demand. RMSs are cost-effective because they boost productivity, and increase the lifetime of the manufacturing system. Because of the many streams in which a product may be produced on an RMS, maintaining product precision in an RMS is a challenge. But the experience with RMS in the last 20 years indicates that product quality can be definitely maintained by inserting in-line inspection stations. In this paper, we formulate the design and operational principles for RMSs, and provide a state-of-the-art review of the design and operations methodologies of RMSs according to these principles. Finally, we propose future research directions, and deliberate on how recent intelligent manufacturing technologies may advance the design and operations of RMSs.

关键词： reconfigurable manufacturing systems responsiveness intelligent manufacturing

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Synthesis of novel magneto-hybrid polyoxometalate composite membrane with simultaneous photocatalytic self-cleaning and antifouling functionalities

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1450-1459 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2310-3

摘要： Membrane technology is ideal for removing aqueous humic acid, but humic acid deposits cause membrane fouling, a significant challenge that limits its application. Herein, this work proposed an alternative approach to the controllably magnetically induced magneto-hybrid polyoxometalate (magneto-HPOM) nanocomposite migration toward the polyethersulfone (PES) membrane surface under a magnetic field to enhance the self-cleaning and antifouling functionalities of the membrane. Before incorporating magneto-HPOM nanocomposite into the PES casting solution, functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (F-MNP) were first coated with HPOM photocatalyst to fabricate a magneto-HPOM-PES membrane. It was shown that the apparent impacts of this novel magneto-HPOM-PES membrane on the hydrophilic behavior and photocatalytic properties of the magneto-HPOM nanocomposite improve the hydrophilicity, separation performance, antifouling and self-cleaning properties of the membrane compared with neat PES membrane. Furthermore, after exposure to ultraviolet light, the magneto-HPOM-PES membrane can be recovered after three cycles with a flux recovery ratio of 107.95%, 100.06%, and 95.56%, which is attributed to the temporal super hydrophilicity effect. Meanwhile, the magneto-HPOM-PES membrane could efficiently maintain 100% humic acid rejection for the first and second cycles and 99.81% for the third cycle. This study revealed a novel approach to fabricating membranes with high antifouling and self-cleaning properties for water treatment.

关键词： magneto-hybrid polyoxometalate nanocomposite composite membrane antifouling self-cleaning magnetic and photocatalytic responsiveness

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Preparation and swelling properties of a starch-g-poly(acrylic acid)/organo-mordenite hydrogel composite

Yan Zhang,Pingqiang Gao,Lin Zhao,Yizhong Chen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 147-161 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1546-y

摘要： A novel hydrogel composite was prepared via inverse suspension polymerization using starch, acrylic acid and organo-mordenite micropowder with the crosslinker, , ′-methylenebisacrylamide and the initiator, potassium persulfate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed that the acrylic acid was grafted onto the backbone of the corn starch, that the organo-mordenite participated in the polymerization, and that the addition of organo-mordenite improved the surface morphology of the hydrogel composite. The swelling capacity of the hydrogel composite was evaluated in distilled water, and solutions with different pH values, and various salt solutions. It was found that the incorporation of 10 wt-% organo-mordenite enhanced the water absorbency by 144% (from 268 to 655 g·g ) and swelling was extremely sensitive to the pH values, the concentration of the salt solution and cation type. Swelling kinetics and water diffusion mechanism of the hydrogel composite in distilled water were also discussed. Moreover, the hydrogel composite showed excellent reversibility of water absorption even after five repetitive cycles and the hydrogel composite exhibited significant environmental-responsiveness by changing the swelling medium from distilled water to 0.1 mol·L NaCl solution. In addition, the loading and release of urea by the hydrogel composite were tested and the nutrient-slow-release capability of this material was found to be suitable for many potential applications.

关键词： hydrogel composite environmental-responsiveness organo-mordenite starch acrylic acid