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2018 2

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Yield-height correlation and QTL localization for plant height in two lowland switchgrass populations

Shiva O. MAKAJU, Yanqi WU, Michael P. ANDERSON, Vijaya G. KAKANI, Michael W. SMITH, Linglong LIU, Hongxu DONG, Dan CHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 118-128 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018201

摘要： Switchgrass ( L.), as a model herbaceous crop species for bioenergy production, is targeted to improve biomass yield and feedstock quality. Plant height is a major component contributing to biomass yield. Accordingly, the objectives of this research were to analyze phenotypic variation for biomass and plant height and the association between them and to localize associated plant height QTLs. Two lowland switchgrass mapping populations, one selfed and another hybrid population established in the field at Perkins and Stillwater, Oklahoma, were deployed in the experiment for two years post establishment. Large genetic variation existed for plant biomass and height within the two populations. Plant height was positively correlated with biomass yield in the selfed population ( = 0.39, <0.0001) and the hybrid population ( = 0.41, <0.0001). In the selfed population, a joint analysis across all environments revealed 10 QTLs and separate analysis for each environment, collectively revealed 39 QTLs related to plant height. In the hybrid population, the joint analysis across overall environments revealed 35 QTLs and the separate analysis for each environment revealed 38 QTLs. The findings of this research contribute new information about the genetic control for plant height and will be useful for future plant breeding and genetic improvement programs in lowland switchgrass.

关键词： yield-height QTL localization lowland switchgrass

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Functional characterization of caffeic acid

Fengyan WU, Zhenying WU, Aiguo YANG, Shanshan JIANG, Zeng-Yu WANG, Chunxiang FU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 98-107 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017198

摘要： Caffeic acid -methyltransferase (COMT) is a crucial enzyme that mainly methylates phenylpropanoid -hydroxyl of C in the biosynthesis of syringyl lignin in angiosperms. A putative , named as , was isolated from switchgrass ( ), a C warm-season dual-purpose forage and bioenergy crop. Our results showed that recombinant PvCOMT1 enzyme protein catalyzed the methylation of 5-OH coniferyl alcohol, 5-OH coniferaldehyde (CAld5H) and 5-OH ferulic acid. Further studies indicate that CAld5H can dominate COMT-mediated reactions by inhibiting the methylation of the other substrates. Transgenic switchgrass plants generated by an RNAi approach were further employed to study the function of in internode lignification. A dramatic decrease in syringyl lignin units coupled with an obvious incorporation in 5-OH guaiacyl lignin units were observed in the COMT-RNAi transgenic plants. However, the constitutive suppression of COMT in switchgrass plants altered neither the pattern of lignin deposition along the stem nor the anatomical structure of internodes. Consistent with the biochemical characterization of PvCOMT1, a significant decrease in sinapaldehyde was found in the COMT-RNAi transgenic switchgrass plants, suggesting that CAld5H could be the optimal intermediate in the biosynthesis syringyl lignin.

关键词： biofuel crop caffeic acid O-methyltransferase forage lignin Panicum virgatum switchgrass transgenic plant