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State of Practice of Construction Site Safety in the USA

Fei Dai,Yoojung Yoon,Hota V. GangaRao

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第3期页码 275-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016035

摘要： The construction industry has long been plagued with a high number of fatalities in the USA. Much safety improvements have been made after the USA Congress passed the Occupational Safety and Health Act in 1970. However, this industry still suffers from a disproportionately high rate of work-related fatalities in comparison to other industries. To provide a holistic view of current construction safety practices and corresponding performance, this paper reviews statistics of construction fatalities and their causes. It then presents efforts led to prevent work-related accidents and injuries by the federal safety agencies and the industry. Additionally, advantages and limitations of current practices in terms of construction safety have been discussed along with promotion of aspects in construction work environment.

关键词： workplace safety construction industry safety strategy accident prevention review work

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Relationship between office workers’ staying and workstation attributes in a non-territorial office using ultra wide band sensor network

Xinnan ZHANG, Takashi IZATO, Junzo MUNENOTO, Daisuke MATSUSHITA, Tetsu YOSHIDA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 438-449 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0076-4

摘要： This paper investigates the staying and moving characteristics of office workers in a non-territorial office using an ultra wide band (UWB) impulse radio sensor network. The differences between office workers’ staying and moving are clarified according to the individual workstation type that they select. The study determines the characteristics of each type of workstation. By clarifying office workers’ preference for staying and moving with regard to individual workstation types and office worker post, the reasons why office workers in different posts tended to select different types of workstations were revealed. Specifically, leaders tended to select workstations at the “inner meeting corner side” most frequently, as they had a greater need to stay in other areas. In contrast, ordinary staff needed to visit office workers in other areas less often, and as such, they tended to select individual workstations at the “middle meeting corner side.” Barring this, they tended to select individual workstations at the “middle corridor side” or “outer-meeting corner side.” Temporary staff members had little need to visit or stay at other places so they tended to select individual workstations at the “window side,” which is seldom visited or stayed at by other office workers and they could be disturbed less often from their solo work.

关键词： workplace non-territorial office staying behavior ultra wide band (UWB) sensor network