2022, Volume 24, Issue 5
Strategic Study of CAE >> 2022, Volume 24, Issue 5 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.07.001
Water Security in Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei Region: Challenges and Strategies
1. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Beijing 100038, China;
2. Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;
3. Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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Abstract
The Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei region suffers from a high bearing pressure of water resources and its water ecosystem is severely damaged. For future development, it is necessary to analyze the water security risks and propose targeted countermeasures,thus to ensure the coordinated development of the Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei region and build this region into a world-class urban agglomeration. In this study, we summarize the key national policies, socio-economic development trends, and ecological protection requirements of the region. In addition, we analyze the water security status and relevant major scientific issues. Our findings are as follows. (1) The contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is the primary problem that threatens water security in the Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei region, and water resources in the region will probably continue to decay by 1‒2 billion m3. Therefore, to guarantee the security of the regional water system, 3.9‒6 billion m3 of water needs to be transferred into this region via the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. (2) To address the shrinkage and drying of regional rivers and lakes, groundwater overexploitation, and other severe water ecological problems, we propose a layout for the ecological protection and restoration of rivers and lakes and clarify the healthy groundwater levels for different areas: 8‒20 m in piedmont plains, 3‒5 m in central plains, 6‒10 m in urban areas, and 2‒3 m in the eastern coastal area. (3) To improve the weak links of the flood control system in the region such as a low pass rate of flood control standards and the difficulty in activating flood detention areas, this region needs to strengthen the routine‒emergency integrated management and prepare countermeasures for over-level floods.
Keywords
Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei region ; water security ; efficient utilization of water resources ; groundwater level restoration ; river and lake ecology protection
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