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Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 1,   Pages 116-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2178-7

Abstract: In recent times there has been a great deal of interest in the conversion of carbon dioxide into more useful chemical compounds. On the other hand, the translation of these developments in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide from the laboratory bench to practical scale remains an underexplored topic. Here we examine some of the major challenges, demonstrating some promising strategies towards such scale-up, including increased electrode area and stacking of electrode pairs in different configurations. We observed that increasing the electrode area from 1 to 10 cm2 led to only a 4% drop in current density, with similarly small penalties realised when stacking sub-cells together.

Keywords： CO2 reduction     electrochemical cell     electrosynthesis     upscaling    

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New Technologies for Monitoring and Upscaling Marine Ecosystem Restoration in Deep-Sea Environments Review

Jacopo Aguzzi,Laurenz Thomsen,Sascha Flögel,Nathan J. Robinson,Giacomo Picardi,Damianos Chatzievangelou,Nixon Bahamon,Sergio Stefanni,Jordi Grinyó,Emanuela Fanelli,Cinzia Corinaldesi,Joaquin Del Rio Fernandez,Marcello Calisti,Furu Mienis,Elias Chatzidouros,Corrado Costa,Simona Violino,Michael Tangherlini,Roberto Danovaro

Engineering 2024, Volume 34, Issue 3,   Pages 195-211 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.012

Abstract:

The United Nations (UN)'s call for a decade of “ecosystem restoration” was prompted by the need to address the extensive impact of anthropogenic activities on natural ecosystems. Marine ecosystem restoration is increasingly necessary due to increasing habitat loss in deep waters (> 200 m depth). At these depths, which are far beyond those accessible by divers, only established and emerging robotic platforms such as remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), landers, and crawlers can operate through manipulators and their multiparametric sensor technologies (e.g., optoacoustic imaging, omics, and environmental probes). The use of advanced technologies for deep-sea ecosystem restoration can provide: ① high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging and acoustic mapping of substrates and key taxa; ② physical manipulation of substrates and key taxa; ③ real-time supervision of remote operations and long-term ecological monitoring; and ④ the potential to work autonomously. Here, we describe how robotic platforms with in situ manipulation capabilities and payloads of innovative sensors could autonomously conduct active restoration and monitoring across large spatial scales. We expect that these devices will be particularly useful in deep-sea habitats, such as ① reef-building cold-water corals, ② soft-bottom bamboo corals, and ③ soft-bottom fishery resources that have already been damaged by offshore industries (i.e., fishing and oil/gas).

Keywords： Ecosystem restoration     Robotic manipulation     Acoustic tracking     Fishery resources     Artificial reefs    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

Journal Article

New Technologies for Monitoring and Upscaling Marine Ecosystem Restoration in Deep-Sea Environments

Jacopo Aguzzi,Laurenz Thomsen,Sascha Flögel,Nathan J. Robinson,Giacomo Picardi,Damianos Chatzievangelou,Nixon Bahamon,Sergio Stefanni,Jordi Grinyó,Emanuela Fanelli,Cinzia Corinaldesi,Joaquin Del Rio Fernandez,Marcello Calisti,Furu Mienis,Elias Chatzidouros,Corrado Costa,Simona Violino,Michael Tangherlini,Roberto Danovaro

Journal Article