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Genotype variations in accumulation of cadmium and lead in celery (

Kun ZHANG, Jianbing WANG, Zhongyi YANG, Guorong XIN, Jiangang YUAN, Junliang XIN, Charlie HUANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 85-96 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0399-3

Abstract: To help reduce risks of heavy metal pollution, two pot experiments were conducted to investigate the variations, transfer potential, and stability of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) accumulations in celery ( L.) and to screen for low Cd and Pb accumulative cultivars. The maximum differences in shoot Cd concentration were 4.7-fold under low-Cd exposure and 3.3-fold under high-Cd exposure. These genotype variations in Cd accumulation are sufficiently large to help reduce Cd contamination risk in soil by using the Low-Cd-Accumulative genotypes. Cd accumulation of the Low-Cd-Accumulative genotypes is significantly positive correlated with Pb accumulation. Evidence obtained proves that Cd and Pb accumulations in celery are stable and genotype-dependent at the cultivar level. The presence of high-Pb contamination in soil promoted Cd accumulation in shoots of celery. Celery is considered a species with high risks in Cd pollution and low risks in Pb pollution. Among the tested cultivars, cv. Shuanggangkangbing (SGKB) had the lowest shoot Cd and Pb accumulating abilities, and thus is the most important material for breeding of pollution-safe cultivars (PSCs) to minimize Cd and Pb accumulations in celery.

Keywords： cadmium (Cd) accumulation     lead (Pb) accumulation     celery     genotype variation     food safety    

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An investigation on modification mechanism of CH

Qiang XIN, Shanghong HUANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 293-300 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0403-0

Abstract: Rising oil price has brought huge cost pressure for low grade highway construction, and it is urgent to find alternative resources. At the same time, there are nearly 50000–60000 tons of low temperature coal output in inner Mongolia region, China, which has high toxicity and high polluting. To make the low temperature coal be applicable for road constructions, the formaldehyde is used as cross linking agent, the concentrated sulfuric acid is used as catalyst, and the chemical modification of low temperature coal tar pitch in Inner Mongolia region is investigated. The road performance (softening point, penetration and ductility) of modified low temperature coal are tested. Results shown that the road performance of modified low temperature coal is increased significantly. Modification mechanism of low temperature coal is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and other analytical tools. Results show that, in the modified low temperature coal, resin content increases and the resin fiber diameter becomes larger with the increasing of formaldehyde content.

Keywords： low temperature     coal tar pitch     modification     road performance    

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Measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase and relative study with osteosarcoma

YANG Zhiping, LI Jianmin, LI Xin, HUO Yanqing, SUN Guangzhi

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 54-57 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0011-9

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to explore the value of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) for diagnosing osteosarcoma, evaluating the effect of the chemotherapy, judging the prognosis and supervising the relapse and metastasis. The immunoassay was used to check the BALP of the blood serum that was from 42 primary osteosarcoma patients. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in blood serum was checked with auto biochemistry equipment. The biopsy tissue and the lesion resected in operation were treated with pathology and histological response was counted. The patients were followed up from five months to 49 months with an average of 24.3 months. Eighteen cases relapsed and transferred, among which, 16 of them were dead, and others were survival to the end of the follow-up. BALP was more sensitive than ALP in diagnosing osteosarcoma ( = 0.015). Fifteen cases decreased to normal value in ALP after preoperative chemotherapy, and 34 cases decreased in BALP. Both ALP and BALP in all cases decreased to normal value in postoperative. There was significant difference in positive correlation between the decrease of BALP and the increase of histological response ( = 0.001, = 0.642). In the followup, there was significant difference in BALP between the group of relapse and transfer and the group of free disease survival ( = 0.000). As a check marker in blood serum, BALP, reflecting the process of ossification, has a higher sensitivity than ALP. It has applied value in the diagnosis of osteosarcoma, reflection of the effect of chemotherapy and forecast the prognosis.
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Simplified theoretical analysis and numerical study on the dynamic behavior of FCP under blast loads

Chunfeng ZHAO, Xin YE, Avinash GAUTAM, Xin LU, Y. L. MO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4,   Pages 983-997 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0633-4

Abstract: Precast concrete structures have developed rapidly in the last decades due to the advantages of better quality, non-pollution and fast construction with respect to conventional cast-in-place structures. In the present study, a theoretical model and nonlinear 3D model are developed and established to assess the dynamic behavior of precast concrete slabs under blast load. At first, the 3D model is validated by an experiment performed by other researchers. The verified model is adopted to investigate the blast performance of fabricated concrete panels (FCPs) in terms of parameters of the explosive charge, panel thickness, and reinforcement ratio. Finally, a simplified theoretical model of the FCP under blast load is developed to predict the maximum deflection. It is indicated that the theoretical model can precisely predict the maximum displacement of FCP under blast loads. The results show that the failure modes of the panels varied from bending failure to shear failure with the mass of TNT increasing. The thickness of the panel, reinforcement ratio, and explosive charges have significant effects on the anti-blast capacity of the FCPs.

Keywords： precast structure     fabricated concrete panel     blast resistance     theory model     empirical equation    

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Study on direct measurement method of vorticity from particle images

RUAN Xiaodong, FU Xin, YANG Huayong

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 408-412 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0059-1

Abstract: To overcome the shortcomings of conventional methods for vorticity measurement, a new direct measurement of vorticity (DMV) method extracting vorticity from particle images was proposed. Based on the theory of fluid flow, two matc

Keywords： conventional     vorticity measurement     particle     DMV     theory    

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Security for cyberspace: challenges and opportunities Editorial

Jiang-xing WU, Jian-hua LI, Xin-sheng JI

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018, Volume 19, Issue 12,   Pages 1459-1461 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1840000

Abstract:

Keywords： None    

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Occurrence and behavior of pharmaceuticals in sewage treatment plants in eastern China

Juan DU,Yu FAN,Xin QIAN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 725-730 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0661-1

Abstract: The occurrence and removal efficiency of seven pharmaceuticals (norfloxacin, trimethoprim, roxithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen, diclofenac and carbamazepine) were determined in three sewage treatment plants (STPs) with anaerobic/anoxic/oxic, anoxic/oxic and oxidation ditches processes in Xuzhou City, Eastern China. The results showed that seven pharmaceuticals were detected in the influent samples with concentrations ranging from 93 to 2540 ng·L . The removal of these substances among the three different STPs varied from 36 to 84%, with the highest performance obtained by the wastewater treatment works with tertiary treatment (sand filtration). Most of the compounds were removed effectively during biologic treatment while sand filtration treatment also made a contribution to the total elimination of most pharmaceuticals. The efficiency comparison of the three sewage treatment processes showed that the STP which employed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic was more effective to remove pharmaceuticals than the oxidation ditches and anoxic/oxic.

Keywords： pharmaceutical     anaerobic/anoxic/oxic     oxidation ditch     anoxic/oxic     removal efficiency    

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A novel high-temperature and high-pressure hydraulic pump based on mononeuron control

Linhui ZHAO, Xin FANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2009, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 219-223 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0024-y

Abstract: Based on structures and characteristics of traditional hydraulic pumps, this paper proposes a novel high-temperature and high-pressure hydraulic pump (HHHP) that can work under 150°C and 28 MPa to overcome problems of traditional high-temperature plunger pumps. The HHHP is designed with the structure of mechanical division and double cylinder parallel. The control signals of two cylinders are two separate triangle waveforms with 90° phase difference. Because the output waveforms of two cylinders have the same characteristics as the control signals, the HHHP can obtain a stable output after two separate waveforms are superposed. A mononeuron self-adaptive PID control algorithm is also improved by modifying parameters and . Two improved controllers are used to control the two cylinders, respectively, making two displacements of plungers match each other. Therefore, reduced fluctuations and stable pressure output is obtained. Besides simulation, tests on the built prototype test system are carried out to verify the performance of HHHP. Results show that the improved control approach can limit fluctuations to a lower level and the HHHP system attains good outputs under different signal periods and different pressures.

Keywords： mononeuron PID control     hydraulic pump     pressure fluctuation    

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Investigation of mechanical performance of prestressed steel arch in tunnel

Yaqiong WANG, Yunxiao XIN, Yongli XIE, Jie LI, Zhifeng WANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 360-367 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0429-3

Abstract: In the traditional tunneling method, the steel arch are often adopted to support surrounding rock to ensure the structural stability. If the steel arch is prestressed in time, tunnel support can effectively prevent the development of rock crack, thereby increasing the overall strength of tunnel support and suppress the deformation of the surrounding rock. Based on the mechanical model of steel arch established in this paper, the stress distribution of steel arch is investigated via the numerical simulation method, and the impact on surrounding rock is also analyzed. Through a field test, the rules of the arch strain distribution are observed and discussed. The results show that the prestressed steel arch structure can provide effective support and the stress gradually decreases from stress point to another arch springing. Furthermore, the stress distribution applied by the prestressed steel arch on the surrounding rock is uniform in a certain extent, and it is suggested that this construction method utilizing the prestressed steel arch to squeeze surrounding rock is feasible from a theoretical view.

Keywords： tunnel support     prestressing force     steel arch     numerical analysis    

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MSI/LOH and extron expression of the FHIT gene in gastric carcinoma

XIAO Yuping, MAO Lili, HAN Chengbo, LI Jinyi, XU Lei, XIN Yan

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 99-103 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0019-1

Abstract: We detected loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instabilities (MSI), as well as extron expression of the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene in gastric carcinoma (GC), in order to evaluate their association with clinicopathological processes in gastric carcinogenesis. LOH and MSI of the FHIT were detected by using PCR at 4 microsatellite loci: D3S 1300, D3S 4103, D3S 1481, D3S 1234 in cancer tissues from 50 patients with primary GC, with normal mucosa acting as matched controls. FHIT transcripts were detected by nested RT-PCR in 30 cases of GC and their products were sequenced. Results show that the average frequencies of LOH and MSI of the FHIT gene in GC were 32.4% and 26.4%, respectively. There was no correlation between LOH and MSI of the FHIT gene in GC and the histological characteristics of gastric carcinoma (Bormann s or Lauren s classification). LOH of the FHIT gene in GC was related to depth invasiveness, and its frequency in GC where serosa was penetrated was significantly higher than that in GC without serosa penetration (73.5% 37.5%, <0.05). The frequency of MSI in GC without lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in GC with lymph node metastasis (66.7% 34.3%, <0.05). Aberrant transcripts were found in 11/30 GC tissues. Sequencing analysis of the aberrant fragments found a RT-PCR product missing exons 5 7 in one case of GC, and another product missing exons 4 7. Four of 10 (40.0%) cases of primary GC showed absent or decreased expression of the FHIT protein as compared to their matched normal tissues. The findings in this study suggest that LOH and MSI of FHIT gene may induce aberrant extron expression, which might play a role in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Pd-Fe/α-Al

Shengping WANG, Xin ZHANG, Yujun ZHAO, Yadong GE, Jing LV, Baowei WANG, Xinbin MA

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 259-269 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1212-6

Abstract: Cordierite monoliths coated with Pd-Fe/α-Al O catalysts were prepared at various calcination temperatures and characterized by thermogravimetry, temperature-programmed reduction, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transformation spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The performance of the catalytic monoliths for the synthesis of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) through a CO coupling reaction was evaluated. Monolithic catalysts with calcination temperatures ranging from 473 K to 673 K exhibited excellent dispersion of Pd, good CO adsorption properties, and excellent performance for the coupling reaction. The optimized monolithic catalyst exhibited a much higher Pd efficiency (denoted as DMO (g)·Pd (g) ·h ) (733 h ) than that of the granular catalyst (60.2 h ), which can be attributed to its honeycomb structure and the large pore sizes in the α-Al O washcoat which was accompanied with an even distribution of the active component in the coating layer along the monoliths channels.

Keywords： dimethyl oxalate     coupling     Pd     cordierite     monolith     calcination     structure    

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Evaluation of the power consumption of a high-speed parallel robot

Gang HAN, Fugui XIE, Xin-Jun LIU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 167-178 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0456-8

Abstract:

An inverse dynamic model of a high-speed parallel robot is established based on the virtual work principle. With this dynamic model, a new evaluation method is proposed to measure the power consumption of the robot during pick-and-place tasks. The power vector is extended in this method and used to represent the collinear velocity and acceleration of the moving platform. Afterward, several dynamic performance indices, which are homogenous and possess obvious physical meanings, are proposed. These indices can evaluate the power input and output transmissibility of the robot in a workspace. The distributions of the power input and output transmissibility of the high-speed parallel robot are derived with these indices and clearly illustrated in atlases. Furtherly, a low-power-consumption workspace is selected for the robot.

Keywords： high-speed parallel robot     dynamic model     power consumption     evaluation method     power vector    

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Dynamical analysis of droplet impact spreading on solid substrate

Zhaomiao LIU, Huamin LIU, Xin LIU,

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 308-315 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0020-2

Abstract: This paper investigates the impact spreading of a droplet on a solid substrate using numerical simulation on the basis of a volume-of-fluid (VOF) model. The process of droplet spreading is described, the analysis of low speed and high speed droplet spreading, and more than one droplet spreading simultaneously is performed. The pressure, velocity, and spreading factor during the droplet spreading are reported. According to the spreading factor’s evolvement, the process of droplet spreading can be classified into spreading phase and recoiling phase. The spreading factors are almost the same at the low speed droplet spreading; however, the pressures on the substrate are quite different and air entrainment may be found as the impact speeds in a certain range. The impact speed impacts on the spreading factors in high speed droplet spreading. The spreading factor obviously increases with increasing impact speed; however, splashing will appear in the status when the speed is high enough in the high speed droplet spreading. The distance between the neighbor droplets affects the film’s quality, and only the distance between the static diameter and the maximum diameter can ensure the film’s quality. The results could help in understanding the process of droplet spreading and provide advice on the operation of a spray coating process.

Keywords： droplet     impact spreading     numerical simulation    

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Computer modeling of crystal growth of silicon for solar cells

Lijun LIU, Xin LIU, Zaoyang LI, Koichi KAKIMOTO

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 305-312 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0155-9

Abstract: A computer simulator with a global model of heat transfer during crystal growth of Si for solar cells is developed. The convective, conductive, and radiative heat transfers in the furnace are solved together in a coupled manner using the finite volume method. A three-dimensional (3D) global heat transfer model with 3D features is especially made suitable for any crystal growth, while the requirement for computer resources is kept permissible for engineering applications. A structured/unstructured combined mesh scheme is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the simulation. A dynamic model for the melt-crystal (mc) interface is developed to predict the phase interface behavior in a crystal growth process. Dynamic models for impurities and precipitates are also incorporated into the simulator. Applications of the computer simulator to Czochralski (CZ) growth processes and directional solidification processes of Si crystals for solar cells are introduced. Some typical results, including the turbulent melt flow in a large-scale crucible of a CZ-Si process, the dynamic behaviors of the mc interface, and the transport and distributions of impurities and precipitates, such as oxygen, carbon, and SiC particles, are presented and discussed. The findings show the importance of computer modeling as an effective tool in the analysis and improvement of crystal growth processes and furnace designs for solar Si material.

Keywords： computer modeling     silicon     crystal growth     solar cells    

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Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion accidents

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 6,   Pages 839-848 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0409-8

Abstract: In this paper, it proposed an index system for hazard and vulnerability evaluations of water distribution networks, based on the simulation of contamination events caused by pollutant injections at different junctions. It attempted to answer the following two questions in the case of contamination events: 1) Which are the most hazardous junctions? 2) Which are the most vulnerable junctions? With EPANET toolkit, it simulated the propagation of the contaminant, and calculated the peak concentration of the contaminant and mass delivered at different nodes. According to types of consumers, different weights were assigned to the consumer nodes for assessing the influence of the contaminant on the consumers. Using the method proposed herein, both the hazard index and vulnerability index were calculated for each node in the pipe network. The presented method was therefore applied to the water network of the city of Zhenjiang, which contains two water plants, two booster pump stations with storage tanks. In conclusion, the response time, the relationships between the peak concentration of contaminant and the total absorption are the most important factors in hazard and vulnerability evaluation of the water distribution network.

Keywords： water distribution network     hazard     vulnerability     contaminant accident    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Genotype variations in accumulation of cadmium and lead in celery (

Kun ZHANG, Jianbing WANG, Zhongyi YANG, Guorong XIN, Jiangang YUAN, Junliang XIN, Charlie HUANG

Journal Article

An investigation on modification mechanism of CH

Qiang XIN, Shanghong HUANG

Journal Article

Measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase and relative study with osteosarcoma

YANG Zhiping, LI Jianmin, LI Xin, HUO Yanqing, SUN Guangzhi

Journal Article

Simplified theoretical analysis and numerical study on the dynamic behavior of FCP under blast loads

Chunfeng ZHAO, Xin YE, Avinash GAUTAM, Xin LU, Y. L. MO

Journal Article

Study on direct measurement method of vorticity from particle images

RUAN Xiaodong, FU Xin, YANG Huayong

Journal Article

Security for cyberspace: challenges and opportunities

Jiang-xing WU, Jian-hua LI, Xin-sheng JI

Journal Article

Occurrence and behavior of pharmaceuticals in sewage treatment plants in eastern China

Juan DU,Yu FAN,Xin QIAN

Journal Article

A novel high-temperature and high-pressure hydraulic pump based on mononeuron control

Linhui ZHAO, Xin FANG

Journal Article

Investigation of mechanical performance of prestressed steel arch in tunnel

Yaqiong WANG, Yunxiao XIN, Yongli XIE, Jie LI, Zhifeng WANG

Journal Article

MSI/LOH and extron expression of the FHIT gene in gastric carcinoma

XIAO Yuping, MAO Lili, HAN Chengbo, LI Jinyi, XU Lei, XIN Yan

Journal Article

Pd-Fe/α-Al

Shengping WANG, Xin ZHANG, Yujun ZHAO, Yadong GE, Jing LV, Baowei WANG, Xinbin MA

Journal Article

Evaluation of the power consumption of a high-speed parallel robot

Gang HAN, Fugui XIE, Xin-Jun LIU

Journal Article

Dynamical analysis of droplet impact spreading on solid substrate

Zhaomiao LIU, Huamin LIU, Xin LIU,

Journal Article

Computer modeling of crystal growth of silicon for solar cells

Lijun LIU, Xin LIU, Zaoyang LI, Koichi KAKIMOTO

Journal Article

Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion accidents

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

Journal Article