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NO₂ 1

catalytic nitration 1

electronegativity 1

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Metal salts with highly electronegative cations as efficient catalysts for the liquid-phase nitration of benzene by NO

Shenghui Zhou, Kuiyi You, Zhengming Yi, Pingle Liu, Hean Luo

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages 205-210 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1625-3

Abstract: Metal salts with highly electronegative cations have been used to effectively catalyze the liquid-phase nitration of benzene by NO to nitrobenzene under solvent-free conditions. Several salts including FeCl , ZrCl , AlCl , CuCl , NiCl , ZnCl , MnCl , Fe(NO ) ·9H O, Bi(NO ) ·5H O, Zr(NO ) ·5H O, Cu(NO ) ·6H O, Ni(NO ) ·6H O, Zn(NO ) ·6H O, Fe (SO ) , and CuSO were examined and anhydrous FeCl exhibited the best catalytic performance under the optimal reaction conditions. The benzene conversion and selectivity to nitrobenzene were both over 99%. In addition, it was determined that the metal counterion and the presence of water hydrates in the salt affects the catalytic activity. This method is simple and efficient and may have potential industrial application prospects.

Keywords： metal salts electronegativity nitrobenzene NO₂ catalytic nitration