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Field measurement and analysis of asymmetric shallow buried twin tunnels with ultra small spacing

Wang Yunlong,Tan Zhongsheng,Chen Ying

Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages 24-28

Abstract:

The ultra-small spacing tunnel of Jiaozhou Bay seabed tunnel in Qingdaoresult is different from the theoretical predictions and experimental results of most of the small spacingcontrolled, which provides useful reference for the design and construction of similar tunnels with small spacing

Keywords： tunnel ultra-small spacing asymmetric shallow-buried field measurement

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Influence of axial load on the lateral pile groups response in cohesionless and cohesive soil

Jasim M. ABBASA,Zamri CHIK,Mohd Raihan TAHA

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 176-193 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0289-7

Abstract: The lateral response of single and group of piles under simultaneous vertical and lateral loads has been analyzed using a 3D finite element approach. The response in this assessment considered lateral pile displacement and lateral soil resistance and corresponding - curve. As a result, modified - curves for lateral single pile response were improved with respect to the influence of increasing axial load intensities. The improved plots can be used for lateral loaded pile design and to produce the group action design -multiplier curves and equations. The effect of load combination on the lateral pile group response was performed on three pile group configurations (i.e., 2×1, 2×2 and 3×2) with four pile spacings (i.e., = 2 , 4 , 6 and 8 ). As a result, design curves were developed and applied on the actual case studies and similar expected cases for assessment of pile group behavior using improved p-multiplier. A design equation was derived from predicted design curves to be used in the evaluation of the lateral pile group action taking into account the effect of axial load intensities. It was found that the group interaction effect led to reduced lateral resistance for the pile in the group relative to that for the single pile in case of pure lateral load. While, in case of simultaneous combined loads, large axial load intensities (i.e., more than 6 , where is lateral load values) will have an increase in -multiplier by approximately 100% and will consequently contribute to greater group piles capacities.

Keywords： piles pile group spacing configuration combined load