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Knowledge-Based Variable Structure Decoupling Control of a Nonlinear Multivariable System

Tu Chengyuan,Zeng Yanjun

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 10,   Pages 48-52

Abstract:

A knowledge-based variable-structure decoupling is developed, and be utilized to control a nonlinear multivariable system, so as to avoid the model-establishing process, especially avoid large amount of complex matrix operations required for the conventional decoupling control. Some modules in the knowledge base of this kind of control are described, and the main points of the related algorithms are introduced. Strategies described in this paper have been successively utilized to the set-point temperature control of a 3 × 3 strong coupled system —a three winding heater type standard temperature source, and an effect that the temperature stability as well as temperature homogeneity all better than 1℃ has been attained, which is impossible for the conventional control method.

Keywords： nonlinear multivariable system     decoupling control     knowledge based variable structure decoupling    

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Study on Decoupling Control of Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on Inverse System Theory

Fei Decheng,Zhu Huangqiu

Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 11,   Pages 48-54

Abstract:

A decoupling control approach based on dynamic inverse system theory has been developed for the bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (BPMSM), which is a multi-variable, nonlinear and strong-coupled system. Firstly, inverse system theory is briefly introduced. Secondly, the principle of suspension forces is expounded, and the state equations of torque force and radial suspension forces are set up. Then feasibility of decoupling control based on dynamic inversion theory for BPMSM is discussed in detail, and the dynamic decoupling control arithmetic based on inverse system is deduced. Finally, the simulation results have showed that this kind of control strategy can realize dynamic decoupling control between torque force and radial suspension forces, and the control system has fine dynamic and static performance.

Keywords： BPMSM     inverse system     dynamic feedback linearization     decoupling control    

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Experimental study on enhanced coupling of underground explosions by water-filled cavities

Wang Zhanjiang,Cai Zongyi,Zheng Xuefeng,Zhu Yurong

Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 46-49

Abstract:

A series of laboratory experiments have been performed to study the enhanced coupling of explosions by placing them in water-filled cavities or in air-filled cavities on a half sphere apparatus of cement mortar with 1.6 m in diameter. There is a cavity of 0.3 m in diameter at the center of the apparatus, the cavity can be filled with water or inserted a core of cement mortar, the source conditions consisted of tamped source and spherical cavities with a spherical charge of yield equivalent to 1.00 g of TNT. Measurements consisted of longitudinal strains of the aluminum bars sticking on the surface of the sphere apparatus at several points, and from which particle velocities, displacements were obtained. On the basis of the results of these small-scale experiments, conclusions are drawn concerning the coupling of the explosive energy. The effect of cavity decoupling in water is not as good as in cement mortar. When the explosive source is detonated in a water-filled cavity, the stress wave coupled into cement mortar is greatly enhanced. It follows that the damage of surrounding rock or dam by underwater explosion would be more possibly compared to the explosion detonated in themselves with same yield and same distance, and the enhanced coupling seems to be shown for air explosion nearby water.

Keywords： underwater explosions     surrounding rocks enhanced coupling     cement mortar     stress waves     cavity decoupling    

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Dot-shaped beamforming analysis of subarray-based sin-FDA Research Article

Bo Wang, Jun-wei Xie, Jing Zhang, Jia-ang Ge,wb_wangbo1991@163.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 10,   Pages 1429-1444 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800722

Abstract: Phased array (PA) radar is one of the most popular types of radar. In contrast to PA, the (FDA) is a potential solution to suppress range-related interference because of its time-range-angle-dependent beampattern. However, the range-angle coupling inherent in the FDA transmit beampattern may degrade the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). We propose a method based on the analyzed four subarray-based FDAs and subarray-based planar FDAs using a sinusoidally increasing frequency offset with elements transmitting at multiple frequencies. The numerical results show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing log-FDA with logarithmical frequency offset in transmit energy focus, sidelobe suppression, and array resolution. Comparative simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Keywords： 频率分集阵列；子阵频率分集阵列；解耦；点状波束形成    

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Joint user association and resource partition for downlink-uplink decoupling inmulti-tierHetNets Article

Zhi-yong FENG, Ze-bing FENG, T. Aaron GULLIVER

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 6,   Pages 817-829 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700031

Abstract: Traditional cellular networks require the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) of mobile users (MUs) to be associated with a single base station (BS). However, the power gap between BSs and MUs in different transmission environments results in the BS with the strongest downlink differing from the BS with the strongest uplink. In addition, the significant increase in the number of wireless machine type communication (MTC) devices accessing cellular networks has created a DL/UL traffic imbalance with higher traffic volume on the uplink. In this paper, a joint user association and resource partition framework for downlink-uplink decoupling (DUDe) is developed for a tiered heterogeneous cellular network (HCN). Different from the traditional association rules such as maximal received power and range extension, a coalition game based scheme is proposed for the optimal user association with DUDe. The stability and convergence of this scheme are proven and shown to converge to a Nash equilibrium at a geometric rate. Moreover, the DL and UL optimal bandwidth partition for BSs is derived based on user association considering fairness. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, which enhances the sum rate compared with other user association strategies.

Keywords： Downlink-uplink decoupling     User association     Resource partition     Heterogeneous cellular network     Coalition game    

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High Order Differential Feedback Control for Nonlinear Systems

Qi Guoyuan,Chen Zengqiang,Yuan Zhuzhi

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 8,   Pages 35-44

Abstract:

This article presents high differential feedback control idea that does not rely on the model of the controlled system. Its control objective is that the output of the system and its differential and high differentials approximate the given reference input and its differential and high order differentials. It will improve largely the requirement of the control quality. Based on the idea, the high order differentiator (HOD) that is well able to extract differential and high order differentials of measured signals is designed. The proposed HOD has a few parameters and is easily adjusted. Its stability, convergence and filtering characteristic are proved. Furthermore, is designed, high order differential feedback adaptive controllers (HODFC) for unknown model nonlinear SISO and MIMO systems with unknown disturbance are presents respectively, the analysis of stability and robustness of the closed system is given, and linearized decoupling control is achieved.

Keywords： high order differentiator     high differential feedback controller     stability     robustness     decoupling control    

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Research on the Longitudinal End Effect ofSingle Linear Induction Motor

Xu Wei,Sun Guangsheng

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 21-27

Abstract:

The SLIM has been widely applied in transportation for its simple-firm structure and its directly forward electromagnetic thrust. Because of its discontinuous magnetic circuit, the motor has transverse and longitudinal end effects. There are eddy currents, which become greater as motor spread increases, occurring in both entrance and exit of its secondary side for magnetic flux balance. End effects and eddy currents bring ill impact to air gap magnetic flux which reduce its available magnetic flux of air gap and pull coefficient. This paper describes particular discussions on the SLIM working characters and works out the d-q axis equivalent circuits. The changes of mutual inductance and resistance in d axis indicate both the second longitudinal end effect and the eddy current influences. Then the article establishes SLIM control equations connected with the rotor-flux oriented(RFO)vector control theory in rotary motor. The paper brings forward uds, uqs, iqs online decouple compensation based on the rotor magnetic flux, speed, current regulators, which adjust and accommodate pulsive force, d-q axis voltages, d-q magnetic fluxes, d axis mutual inductance. The result indicates that this method reduces the torque ripple and makes the stator currents flat, speed smooth during the sudden change in motor speed of no load, which provides theory guidance to the SLIM application analysis and achieves some active effects.

Keywords： single linear induction motor(SLIM)     rotor-flux oriented(RFO)control     end effect     decouple control     accommodation    

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The Research on Rotor Magnetic Flux Oriented Control System for Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Zhu Huangqiu,Wu Liang,Zhou Yang,Zhang Tengchao,Deng Jianming

Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 6,   Pages 35-40

Abstract:

The bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (BPMSM) is an innovational type of motor, which has all excellence of magnetic bearings. In the paper, based on the basic working principle of BPMSM, the mathematical models of the radial forces and rotation part on BPMSM are deduced by adopting rotor magnetic field oriented control strategy. A digital vector control system according to the demand of decoupling is designed by using TMS320LF2407 DSP technique. The hardware and the software of the digital control system are developed in this paper. The experimental results have shown that the steady suspension of the rotor is realized and the speed of the rotor can be continuously adjusted within the range of 0〜3 000 r/min.

Keywords： bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor     decoupling control     DSP     digital control    

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Accurate two-degree-of-freedom discrete-time current controller design for PMSM using complex vectors None

Meng WANG, Jia-qiang YANG, Xiang ZHANG, Chang-sheng ZHU

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018, Volume 19, Issue 4,   Pages 569-581 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601390

Abstract: Properties of the current controller are essential for permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives, but the conventional continuous-time current controller cannot fully decouple the cross-coupling terms when applied in the digital processor. Its performance is related closely to the rotational speed. To improve the performance of the current loop, the direct design method in the discrete-time domain is adopted using the accurate discrete-time complex vector model. An integrated accurate hold-equivalent discrete model for PMSM is derived considering the difference between the output of the voltage source inverter and the back electro-motive force. Then an accurate two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) current controller with a third-order closed-loop transfer function is designed. The 2DOF controller has more freedom in pole placement, and two schemes with a different cancelled pole-zero pair are investigated. Analysis is conducted by the robust root locus method via the complex vector root locus and sensitivity functions, showing properties in disturbance rejection and sensitivity to parameter variation of two schemes. Both schemes have their own advantages. Finally, the dynamic performance and flexibility of the proposed current controller is verified on a 2.5-kW PMSM test bench.

Keywords： Permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM)     Discrete-time current controller     Complex vector    

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Analytical delay estimation of coupled RLC interconnects under ramp input

Li Xin,Janet M Wang,Tang Weiqing,Wu Huizhong

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 11,   Pages 59-64

Abstract:

The excitation in actual circuits is always nonideal, which has a definite impact on the analysis of interconnect delay. Considering the impact, the analytical delay model is proposed and the analytical delay method based on coupled RLC interconnect is presented. Then the decoupling method is improved and the coupled interconnects model under ramp input is decoupled when analyzing the interconnect segments. Finally the two-pole model is combined with the improved modified one-pole model to simplify the transfer function and the expression of delay of coupled interconnects is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the analysis method can evaluate the delay of coupled RLC interconnects effectively.

Keywords： ramp input     coupled RLC interconnects     delay     decoupling     two-pole model     improved modified one-pole model    

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A home energy management approach using decoupling value and policy in reinforcement learning

熊珞琳,唐漾,刘臣胜,毛帅,孟科,董朝阳,钱锋

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 9,   Pages 1261-1272 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200667

Abstract: Considering the popularity of electric vehicles and the flexibility of household appliances, it is feasible to dispatch energy in home energy systems under dynamic electricity prices to optimize electricity cost and comfort residents. In this paper, a novel home energy management (HEM) approach is proposed based on a data-driven deep reinforcement learning method. First, to reveal the multiple uncertain factors affecting the charging behavior of electric vehicles (EVs), an improved mathematical model integrating driver’s experience, unexpected events, and traffic conditions is introduced to describe the dynamic energy demand of EVs in home energy systems. Second, a decoupled advantage actor-critic (DA2C) algorithm is presented to enhance the energy optimization performance by alleviating the overfitting problem caused by the shared policy and value networks. Furthermore, separate networks for the policy and value functions ensure the generalization of the proposed method in unseen scenarios. Finally, comprehensive experiments are carried out to compare the proposed approach with existing methods, and the results show that the proposed method can optimize electricity cost and consider the residential comfort level in different scenarios.

Keywords： Home energy system     Electric vehicle     Reinforcement learning     Generalization    

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Mutual coupling reduction of multiple antenna systems Review

Jia-yin GUO, Feng LIU, Guo-dong JING, Lu-yu ZHAO, Ying-zeng YIN, Guan-long HUANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 3,   Pages 366-376 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900490

Abstract: A multi-band multi-antenna system has become an important trend in the development of mobile communication systems. However, strong mutual coupling tends to occur between antenna elements with a small space, distorting array antennas’ performance. Therefore, in the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system, high isolation based on miniaturization of the antenna array has been pursued. We study in depth the methods of decoupling between antenna elements. Reasons for the existence of mutual coupling and advantages of mutual coupling reduction are analyzed. Then the decoupling methods proposed in recent works are compared and analyzed. Finally, we propose a metasurface consisting of double-layer short wires, which can be applied to improve the port isolation of antennas arranged along the H-plane and E-plane. Results show that the proposed metasurface has good decoupling effect on a closely placed antenna array.

Keywords： Mutual coupling     Multiple-input multiple-output     Antenna array     Metasurface     Decoupling    

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Decoupling methods of MIMO antenna arrays for 5G applications: a review Review Articles

Xiao-xi ZHANG, Ai-di REN, Ying LIU

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 1,   Pages 62-71 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900466

Abstract: Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique is a key technique for communication in the future. It can effectively enhance channel capacity. For future fifth-generation (5G) terminals, it is still a challenging task to realize desirable isolation within a compact size. To achieve an acceptable isolation level, many decoupling methods have been developed. We review the most recent research on decoupling methods, including the employment of external decoupling structures, orthogonal modes, and reduction of ground effect, and discuss the development trends of the MIMO array in 5G smartphones.

Keywords： MIMO array     5G smartphone     Decoupling methods    

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Improvement of the Yangtze River’s Water Quality with Substantial Implementation of Wastewater Services Infrastructure since 2013 Article

Weixiao Qi, Xu Wang, Jin Kang, Yaohui Bai, Rui Bian, Hongtao Xue, Li Chen, Aomei Guan, Yi-Rong Pan, Huijuan Liu, Jiuhui Qu

Engineering 2023, Volume 21, Issue 2,   Pages 135-142 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.014

Abstract:

Meeting the ever-growing demands of humans while ensuring sustainability is one of the great challenges of this century. China has made significant economic progress in recent decades and is increasingly engaged in international activities. This economic prosperity, however, has resulted in substantial contaminant discharge and damage to domestic aquatic ecosystems. Considerable efforts have been made to address these issues through developments in wastewater services infrastructure. Here, we provide an overview of wastewater infrastructure development in the Yangtze River Economic Zone during 2007–2017 and analyze diverse long-term monitoring data. These analyses trace and capture the key drivers affecting the restoration of water quality and determine how such restoration may be sustained or even accelerated in future. We find that there has been a decoupling trend between the economy and environmental variables since 2013, which coincides with the substantial implementation of improved wastewater treatment systems. While further developments in sewerage facilities and phosphorus discharge reduction may continue restoration, a paradigm shift toward a circular economy remains necessary to integrate these developments with wastewater resources management. Overall, this study advances the current understanding of the impact of wastewater services facilities on the balance between economic development and environmental protection.

Keywords： Yangtze River Basin     Wastewater services infrastructure     Water quality variation trajectory     Key affecting drivers     Decoupling     Balance    

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& Research Article

Yaofeng TU, Rong XIAO, Yinjun HAN, Zhenghua CHEN, Hao JIN, Xuecheng QI, Xinyuan SUN,tu.yaofeng@zte.com.cn,xiao.rong1@zte.com.cn,han.yinjun@zte.com.cn,chen.zhenghua@zte.com.cn,jin.hao1@zte.com.cn,qi.xuecheng@zte.com.cn,sun.xinyuan@zte.com.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 5,   Pages 716-730 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200466

Abstract: In s, replication and (EC) are common methods for data redundancy. Compared with replication, EC has better storage efficiency, but suffers higher overhead in update. Moreover, and reliability problems caused by s bring new challenges to applications of EC. Many works focus on optimizing the EC solution, including algorithm optimization, novel data update method, and so on, but lack the solutions for and reliability problems. In this paper, we introduce a storage system that decouples data updating and EC encoding, namely, decoupled data updating and coding (DDUC), and propose a data placement policy that combines replication and parity blocks. For the () EC system, the data are placed as groups of +1 replicas, and redundant data blocks of the same stripe are placed in the parity nodes, so that the parity nodes can autonomously perform local EC encoding. Based on the above policy, a two-phase data update method is implemented in which data are updated in replica mode in phase 1, and the EC encoding is done independently by parity nodes in phase 2. This solves the problem of data reliability degradation caused by s while ensuring high concurrency performance. It also uses persistent memory (PMem) hardware features of the byte addressing and eight-byte atomic write to implement a lightweight logging mechanism that improves performance while ensuring data . Experimental results show that the concurrent access performance of the proposed storage system is 1.70–3.73 times that of the state-of-the-art storage system Ceph, and the latency is only 3.4%–5.9% that of Ceph.

Keywords： Concurrent update     High reliability     Erasure code     Consistency     Distributed storage system    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Knowledge-Based Variable Structure Decoupling Control of a Nonlinear Multivariable System

Tu Chengyuan,Zeng Yanjun

Journal Article

Study on Decoupling Control of Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on Inverse System Theory

Fei Decheng,Zhu Huangqiu

Journal Article

Experimental study on enhanced coupling of underground explosions by water-filled cavities

Wang Zhanjiang,Cai Zongyi,Zheng Xuefeng,Zhu Yurong

Journal Article

Dot-shaped beamforming analysis of subarray-based sin-FDA

Bo Wang, Jun-wei Xie, Jing Zhang, Jia-ang Ge,wb_wangbo1991@163.com

Journal Article

Joint user association and resource partition for downlink-uplink decoupling inmulti-tierHetNets

Zhi-yong FENG, Ze-bing FENG, T. Aaron GULLIVER

Journal Article

High Order Differential Feedback Control for Nonlinear Systems

Qi Guoyuan,Chen Zengqiang,Yuan Zhuzhi

Journal Article

Research on the Longitudinal End Effect ofSingle Linear Induction Motor

Xu Wei,Sun Guangsheng

Journal Article

The Research on Rotor Magnetic Flux Oriented Control System for Bearingless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Zhu Huangqiu,Wu Liang,Zhou Yang,Zhang Tengchao,Deng Jianming

Journal Article

Accurate two-degree-of-freedom discrete-time current controller design for PMSM using complex vectors

Meng WANG, Jia-qiang YANG, Xiang ZHANG, Chang-sheng ZHU

Journal Article

Analytical delay estimation of coupled RLC interconnects under ramp input

Li Xin,Janet M Wang,Tang Weiqing,Wu Huizhong

Journal Article

A home energy management approach using decoupling value and policy in reinforcement learning

熊珞琳,唐漾,刘臣胜,毛帅,孟科,董朝阳,钱锋

Journal Article

Mutual coupling reduction of multiple antenna systems

Jia-yin GUO, Feng LIU, Guo-dong JING, Lu-yu ZHAO, Ying-zeng YIN, Guan-long HUANG

Journal Article

Decoupling methods of MIMO antenna arrays for 5G applications: a review

Xiao-xi ZHANG, Ai-di REN, Ying LIU

Journal Article

Improvement of the Yangtze River’s Water Quality with Substantial Implementation of Wastewater Services Infrastructure since 2013

Weixiao Qi, Xu Wang, Jin Kang, Yaohui Bai, Rui Bian, Hongtao Xue, Li Chen, Aomei Guan, Yi-Rong Pan, Huijuan Liu, Jiuhui Qu

Journal Article

&

Yaofeng TU, Rong XIAO, Yinjun HAN, Zhenghua CHEN, Hao JIN, Xuecheng QI, Xinyuan SUN,tu.yaofeng@zte.com.cn,xiao.rong1@zte.com.cn,han.yinjun@zte.com.cn,chen.zhenghua@zte.com.cn,jin.hao1@zte.com.cn,qi.xuecheng@zte.com.cn,sun.xinyuan@zte.com.cn

Journal Article