2024-09-01 , Volume 40 Issue 9

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  • News & Highlights
    Robots Get Smarter with Help from Artificial Intelligence
    [Author(id=1166150312701649639, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159982647172718657, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150312840061673, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159982647172718657, authorId=1166150312701649639, language=EN, stringName=Mitch Leslie, firstName=Mitch, middleName=null, lastName=Leslie, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150312953307882, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159982647172718657, authorId=1166150312701649639, language=CN, stringName=Mitch Leslie, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Mitch Leslie

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • News & Highlights
    Competition Creates Deep Space Cuisine
    [Author(id=1166150485020435213, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159982665979977804, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150485158847247, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159982665979977804, authorId=1166150485020435213, language=EN, stringName=Chris Palmer, firstName=Chris, middleName=null, lastName=Palmer, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150485263704849, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159982665979977804, authorId=1166150485020435213, language=CN, stringName=Chris Palmer, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Chris Palmer

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • News & Highlights
    Marine CO2 Removal Joins Race to Scale Up Mitigation Tech
    [Author(id=1166150476157870790, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983136136290760, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150476363391688, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983136136290760, authorId=1166150476157870790, language=EN, stringName=Mark Peplow, firstName=Mark, middleName=null, lastName=Peplow, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150476468249289, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983136136290760, authorId=1166150476157870790, language=CN, stringName=Mark Peplow, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Mark Peplow

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Views & Comments
  • Views & Comments
    Exploring Shaking for Cancer Treatment
    [Author(id=1166147321814769852, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976439921566312, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147321978347711, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976439921566312, authorId=1166147321814769852, language=EN, stringName=Hiroki Yokota, firstName=Hiroki, middleName=null, lastName=Yokota, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
    bIndiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center & Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147322079011008, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976439921566312, authorId=1166147321814769852, language=CN, stringName=Hiroki Yokota, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166147322175480002, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976439921566312, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147322305503428, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976439921566312, authorId=1166147322175480002, language=EN, stringName=Bai-yan Li, firstName=Bai-yan, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=cState Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147322406166725, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976439921566312, authorId=1166147322175480002, language=CN, stringName=Bai-yan Li, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Hiroki Yokota , Bai-yan Li

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Views & Comments
    Improving Long-Term Functional Outcomes of Ischemic Stroke in the Reperfusion Era
    [Author(id=1166147210296615506, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147210422444629, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147210296615506, language=EN, stringName=Chuanjie Wu, firstName=Chuanjie, middleName=null, lastName=Wu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147210523107928, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147210296615506, language=CN, stringName=Chuanjie Wu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166147210615382620, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147210749600353, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147210615382620, language=EN, stringName=Xuehong Chu, firstName=Xuehong, middleName=null, lastName=Chu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147210846069348, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147210615382620, language=CN, stringName=Xuehong Chu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166147210942538344, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147211110310510, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147210942538344, language=EN, stringName=Zhanwei Zhu, firstName=Zhanwei, middleName=null, lastName=Zhu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
    bChina-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147211206779505, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147210942538344, language=CN, stringName=Zhanwei Zhu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166147211299054197, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147211462632059, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147211299054197, language=EN, stringName=Di Wu, firstName=Di, middleName=null, lastName=Wu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
    bChina-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147211559101054, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147211299054197, language=CN, stringName=Di Wu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166147211651375747, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147211810759308, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147211651375747, language=EN, stringName=Xunming Ji, firstName=Xunming, middleName=null, lastName=Ji, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
    bChina-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147211911422608, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975875460522867, authorId=1166147211651375747, language=CN, stringName=Xunming Ji, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Chuanjie Wu , Xuehong Chu , Zhanwei Zhu , Di Wu , Xunming Ji

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Research
  • Article
    Initial Experience of NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Surgery in Foot and Ankle Surgery
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    bCentre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research & International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150507237662865, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, authorId=1166150506994393226, language=CN, stringName=樊潇霄, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150507325743252, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, 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stringName=Qiming Xia, firstName=Qiming, middleName=null, lastName=Xia, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aDepartment of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150508265267371, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, authorId=1166150508021997733, language=CN, stringName=夏启铭, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150508370124974, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, 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College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150508986687677, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, authorId=1166150508722446519, language=CN, stringName=吴天翔, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150509087350975, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150509225763011, 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Prasad, firstName=Paras, middleName=null, lastName=N. Prasad, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=dInstitute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150509682942157, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, authorId=1166150509439672519, language=CN, stringName=Paras N. 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    eZhejiang Engineering Research Center of Cognitive Healthcare, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
    fCollege of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150510446305504, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, authorId=1166150510135927000, language=CN, stringName=林辉, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, e, f, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150510555357411, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=qianjun@zju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150510727323880, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983181858398676, authorId=1166150510555357411, language=EN, stringName=Jun Qian, firstName=Jun, middleName=null, lastName=Qian, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=aDepartment of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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    Xiaoxiao Fan , Jie Yang , Huwei Ni , Qiming Xia , Xiaolong Liu , Tianxiang Wu , Lin Li , Paras N. Prasad , Chao Liu , Hui Lin , Jun Qian

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Systems Theory-Driven Framework for AI Integration into the Holistic Material Basis Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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    Jingqi Zeng , Xiaobin Jia

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    # These authors share the senior authorship.
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of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150492490490751, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150492251415420, language=CN, stringName=Kaicen Wang, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150492595348354, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150492729566084, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, 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    gDKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center, Mannheim 69120, Germany
    hMolecular Medicine Partnership Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150493249659788, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150492939281287, language=CN, stringName=Matthias Ebert, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, g, h, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150493350323088, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150493534872466, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150493350323088, language=EN, stringName=Kai Markus Schneider, firstName=Kai, middleName=null, lastName=Markus Schneider, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=i, #, address=iDepartment of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150493639730067, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150493350323088, language=CN, stringName=Kai Markus Schneider, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=i, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150493744587669, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150493882999703, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150493744587669, language=EN, stringName=Lanjuan Li, firstName=Lanjuan, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, #, address=dState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150493987857305, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150493744587669, language=CN, stringName=Lanjuan Li, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150494096909213, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=andreas.teufel@medma.uni-heidelberg.de, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150494268875680, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150494096909213, language=EN, stringName=Andreas Teufel, firstName=Andreas, middleName=null, lastName=Teufel, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, #, *, address=aDivision of Hepatology, Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
    bClinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150494373733281, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983139919552969, authorId=1166150494096909213, language=CN, stringName=Andreas Teufel, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Ernesto Saenz , Nathally Espinosa Montagut , Baohong Wang , Christoph Stein-Thöringer , Kaicen Wang , Honglei Weng , Matthias Ebert , Kai Markus Schneider , Lanjuan Li , Andreas Teufel

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=aEmergency Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
    bBeijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147050648822352, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975896755004287, authorId=1166147050376192588, language=CN, stringName=Bo Li, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166147050745291346, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975896755004287, orderNo=14, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=liuqingquan2003@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147050950812246, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975896755004287, authorId=1166147050745291346, language=EN, stringName=Qingquan Liu, firstName=Qingquan, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=aEmergency Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
    bBeijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
    cLaboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147051051475543, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159975896755004287, authorId=1166147050745291346, language=CN, stringName=Qingquan Liu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Xiaolong Xu , Jie Ying , Taiping Tian , Tengwen Liu , Chunhua Chi , Zhizhong Gong , Jingpeng Gao , Meiping Qian , Wei Tan , Ran Cao , Shuixian Lv , Zhougui Ling , Shuo Wang , Bo Li , Qingquan Liu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=i, address=iThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166148754446410271, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148754198946332, language=CN, stringName=Hein Min Tun, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=i, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166148754580628002, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, orderNo=12, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166148754823897637, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148754580628002, language=EN, stringName=Gabriel Matthew Leung, firstName=Gabriel, middleName=null, lastName=Matthew Leung, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, c, address=bWHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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    cLaboratory of Data Discovery for Health Litd. (D24H), Hong Kong 999077, China
    dThe University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166148755461431854, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148755079750184, language=CN, stringName=Joseph Tsz Kei Wu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, c, d, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166148755574678067, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, orderNo=14, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166148755763421751, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148755574678067, language=EN, stringName=Malik Peiris, firstName=Malik, middleName=null, lastName=Peiris, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, f, address=eSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
    fHKU-Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166148755880862264, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148755574678067, language=CN, stringName=Malik Peiris, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, f, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166148756010885690, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, orderNo=15, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166148756212212285, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148756010885690, language=EN, stringName=Leo Lit Man Poon, firstName=Leo, middleName=null, lastName=Lit Man Poon, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, f, address=eSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
    fHKU-Pasteur Research Pole, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166148756325458495, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148756010885690, language=CN, stringName=Leo Lit Man Poon, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, f, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166148756447093314, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, orderNo=16, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhangt@hku.hk, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166148756656808517, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148756447093314, language=EN, stringName=Tong Zhang, firstName=Tong, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, e, *, address=aEnvironmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Lab, Center for Environmental Engineering Research, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
    eSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166148756757471815, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159979638917227159, authorId=1166148756447093314, language=CN, stringName=张彤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, e, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Xiawan Zheng , Kathy Leung , Xiaoqing Xu , Yu Deng , Yulin Zhang , Xi Chen , Chung In Yau , Kenny W.K. Hui , Eddie Pak , Ho-Kwong Chui , Ron Yang , Hein Min Tun , Gabriel Matthew Leung , Joseph Tsz Kei Wu , Malik Peiris , Leo Lit Man Poon , Tong Zhang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    Biomimetic Erythrocyte-Like Particles from Microfluidic Electrospray for Tissue Engineering
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    bOujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166148041775440227, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159978384853885576, authorId=1166148041498616156, language=CN, stringName=赵远锦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Zhiqiang Luo , Lijun Cai , Hanxu Chen , Guopu Chen , Yuanjin Zhao

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    Investigation into the Methodology and Implementation of Life Cycle Engineering under China's Carbon Reduction Target in the Process Industry
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aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150781968769573, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983186883174871, authorId=1166150781721305631, language=CN, stringName=龚先政, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Mingyang Li , Feng Gao , Zuoren Nie , Boxue Sun , Yu Liu , Xianzheng Gong

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    Qi Liu , Shi-min Zuo , Shasha Peng , Hao Zhang , Ye Peng , Wei Li , Yehui Xiong , Runmao Lin , Zhiming Feng , Huihui Li , Jun Yang , Guo-Liang Wang , Houxiang Kang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Article
    An Integrated Analysis on the Synergistic Reduction of Carbon and Pollution Emissions from China’s Iron and Steel Industry
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    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Article
    Application of Ice Pigging in a Drinking Water Distribution System: Impacts on Pipes and Bulk Water Quality
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authorId=1166145073651049010, language=CN, stringName=邵煜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166145074024342076, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159972132014842163, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166145074150171199, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159972132014842163, authorId=1166145074024342076, language=EN, stringName=Shuang Song, firstName=Shuang, middleName=null, lastName=Song, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, 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tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159972132014842163, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166145075160998479, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159972132014842163, authorId=1166145074871591500, language=EN, stringName=Tuqiao Zhang, firstName=Tuqiao, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aCollege of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166145075265856081, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159972132014842163, authorId=1166145074871591500, language=CN, stringName=张土乔, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Yujing Huang , Zhiwei Chen , Guilin He , Yu Shao , Shuang Song , Feilong Dong , Tuqiao Zhang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    The Anti-Penetration Performance and Mechanism of Metal Materials: A Review
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    Jialin Chen , Shutao Li , Shang Ma , Yeqing Chen , Yin Liu , Quanwei Tian , Xiting Zhong , Jiaxing Song

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    Magnetic Interactions with Strain Gradient in Ultrathin Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Films
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tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983160031240653, authorId=1166150759453745380, language=CN, stringName=陈景升, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166150759810261225, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983160031240653, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=msecgm@nus.edu.sg, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166150759948673259, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983160031240653, authorId=1166150759810261225, language=EN, stringName=Gan Moog Chow, firstName=Gan, middleName=null, lastName=Moog Chow, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, *, address=cDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166150760053530860, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983160031240653, authorId=1166150759810261225, language=CN, stringName=Gan Moog Chow, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Bangmin Zhang , Ping Yang , Jun Ding , Jingsheng Chen , Gan Moog Chow

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    Superior Mechanical Behavior and Flame Retardancy FRP via a Distribution Controllable 1D/2D Hybrid Nanoclay Synergistic Toughening Strategy
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    Zixuan Chen , Tianyu Yu , Zetian Yang , Zhibiao Wei , Yan Li , Weidong Yang , Tao Yu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Article
    Combining Polarization-Division Multiplexing and Ferromagnetic Nonreciprocity to Achieve In-Band Ultra-High Isolation for Full-Duplex Wireless Systems
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    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Hypergraph Computation
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journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983337043452565, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166151161905603336, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983337043452565, authorId=1166151161758802694, language=EN, stringName=Qionghai Dai, firstName=Qionghai, middleName=null, lastName=Dai, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166151162014655241, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983337043452565, authorId=1166151161758802694, language=CN, stringName=Qionghai Dai, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Yue Gao , Shuyi Ji , Xiangmin Han , Qionghai Dai

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Perspective
    Preventing the Immense Increase in the Life-Cycle Energy and Carbon Footprints of LLM-Powered Intelligent Chatbots
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articleId=1159976459248919159, authorId=1166147239702881237, language=CN, stringName=Fengqi You, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1166147240025842650, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976459248919159, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=Siming.You@glasgow.ac.uk, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1166147240151671772, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976459248919159, authorId=1166147240025842650, language=EN, stringName=Siming You, firstName=Siming, middleName=null, lastName=You, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, *, address=eJames Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1166147240252335069, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159976459248919159, authorId=1166147240025842650, language=CN, stringName=Siming You, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, *, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Peng Jiang , Christian Sonne , Wangliang Li , Fengqi You , Siming You

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Hydrogen Storage Performance During Underground Hydrogen Storage in Depleted Gas Reservoirs: A Review
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    Lingping Zeng , Regina Sander , Yongqiang Chen , Quan Xie

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Engineering
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    Wei Liu , Xiong Zhang , Jifang Wan , Chunhe Yang , Liangliang Jiang , Zhangxin Chen , Maria Jose Jurado , Xilin Shi , Deyi Jiang , Wendong Ji , Qihang Li

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    Qifu Lin , Wangping Sun , Haiyan Li , Yangjiong Liu , Yuwei Chen , Chengzhou Liu , Yiman Jiang , Yu Cheng , Ning Ma , Huaqing Ya , Longwei Chen , Shidong Fang , Hansheng Feng , Guang-Nan Luo , Jiangang Li , Kaixin Xiang , Jie Cong , Cheng Cheng

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.