本文从“双碳”目标背景和氢能在我国构建清洁低碳、安全高效现代能源体系中的作用出发，系统梳理了全球氢能产业的进展情况，从氢能产业规模、产业特点、产业政策等方面分析了我国氢能源产业的发展现状、发展需求和面临的主要问题。当前，我国氢能产业战略布局不断强化，氢能基础设施领域投资逐步开展，区域产业集聚效应初步显现，但存在标准体系不健全、产业同质化苗头显现、产业链尚未打通且应用场景单一等挑战。研究建议：进一步加强氢能产业发展顶层设计，系统构建制氢、储氢及用氢技术标准体系，加大氢能全产业链的试点示范与推广，提升氢能科技创新，实现高水平自立自强，进而推动我国氢能产业高质量发展。

Hydrogen energy is crucial for building a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient modern energy system in China. In this article, we expound on the progress of global hydrogen energy industry and summarize the development status of China’s hydrogen energy industry from the aspects of scale, characteristics, and policies. The demand for and problems of China’s hydrogen energy industry are analyzed. Our research shows that the strategic layout of China’s hydrogen energy industry has been continuously strengthened; the investment in hydrogen energy infrastructure has been gradually increased; and a regional industrial agglomeration effect has initially emerged. However, challenges remain including defective standards systems, severe industrial homogenization, incomplete industrial chain, and limited application scenarios. To promote the high-quality development of China’s hydrogen energy industry, we suggest that China should strengthen the top-level design for hydrogen industry development, establish a technical standards system for hydrogen production, storage, and use, promote the pilot demonstration and popularization of the entire hydrogen energy industry chain, and enhance hydrogen technology innovation to achieve a high level of self-reliance.