2009年, 第11卷, 第3期 刊出日期:2009-03-20
    

  • 全选
  • Guo Yuyuan, Liang Gemei
    2009, 11(3): 2-15.
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    In this paper, four recent advances and achievements of China in agricultural insect research, namely, on the genome of silkworm (Bombyx mori Linnaeus), on the geographical differentiation and regional migration of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera (H黚ner)), on the standardized monitoring techniques for safety of honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus) products, and on the virus transmission property of small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen)) as well as the interactions between vector and rice stripe virus (RSV), were reported. All of these researches are very important for controlling agricultural insect pests and the diseases they transmit, accelerating the molecular biological research of silkworm, and promoting the international trade of honey bee products. Most of these achievements mentioned above have got the national, provincial, ministerial or municipal awards on science and technology.
  • 游庆仲
    2009, 11(3): 4-7.
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    分析了我国公共基础设施建设领域创新体系的现状,探讨了业主在建立以企业为主体,产学研相结合的技术创新体系中的定位与职责;提出了重大工程建设是提升国家创新能力的一项重要资源,结合苏通大桥工程实践,阐述了依托重大工程培育龙头企业核心竞争力的有效做法。

  • 吴寿昌,许映梅
    2009, 11(3): 8-13.
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    围绕苏通大桥前期工程方案论证决策过程,重点介绍苏通大桥桥位论证、跨江大桥主桥工程方案研究与比选论证和有关前期科研工作概况。在跨江大桥主桥工程方案研究和比选论证过程中突出介绍了主桥桥型方案构思、1 088 m斜拉桥方案研究与比选、主桥结构体系研究与比选、主桥主要构件结构方案研究与比选,并从基础资料专题研究和桥梁关键技术研究两个方面介绍了苏通大桥前期科研工作概况。

  • 游庆仲,何平,董学武,张喜刚,吴寿昌
    2009, 11(3): 14-19.
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    介绍了苏通大桥设计和施工的工程构思,着重对群桩基础承载性能、河床冲刷防护及监测、上部结构施工抗风研究、中跨合龙方案及长悬臂结构施工控制方法等的关键技术和创新成果进行了总结和系统阐述。

  • Chen Airong, Ma Rujin, Wang Dalei
    2009, 11(3): 16-22.
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    The elongating of cable stayed bridge brings a series of aerodynamic problems. First of all, geometric nonlinear effect of extreme long cable is much more significant for cable stayed bridge spanning over one thousand meters. Lateral static wind load will generate additional displacement of long cables, which causes the decrease of supporting rigidity of the whole bridge and the change of dynamic properties. Wind load, being the controlling load in the design of cable stayed bridge, is a critical problem and need to be solved. Meanwhile, research on suitable system between pylon and deck indicates fixed-fixed connection system is an effective way for improvement performance of cable stayed bridges under longitudinal wind load. In order to obtain aerodynamic parameters of cable stayed bridge spanning over one thousand meters, identification method for flutter derivatives of full bridge aero-elastic model is developed in this paper. Furthermore, vortex induced vibration and Reynolds number effect are detailed discussed
  • 张喜刚​​​​​​​,裴岷山​​​​​​​,袁洪​​​​​​​,徐利平​​​​​,朱斌​​​​​​​
    2009, 11(3): 20-25.
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    苏通大桥主跨1 088m,是目前世界上最大跨径的斜拉桥。大桥桥位处建筑条件复杂,抗震和抗风要求高,选择合理的桥梁结构体系是保证结构安全和功能的关键。介绍了苏通大桥结构体系的比选过程,比较了全漂浮、黏滞阻尼器、液压缓冲器和塔梁固接4种体系,重点分析对比了不同参数下黏滞阻尼器和液压缓冲器的结构响应,首次提出了用于桥梁的带有附加限位功能的特大型液体黏滞阻尼器,对阻尼器的设计参数进行了分析研究,并在苏通大桥上实现了这一新型装置。

  • Zhu Chuanqu1, Liu Ze2, Wang Weijun1, Zhang Daobing1
    2009, 11(3): 23-27.
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    The three-dimensional damage constitutive relationship of coal is established and distribution law of the abutment pressure of the integrated coal beside the road-in packing for gob-side entry retaining in fully-mechanized caving face under the effect of given deformation of the main roof is analyzed by the damage mechanics theory. And the relationship between distribution of the abutment pressure and thickness of coal seam is explored. The presented result is of great theoretical significance and practical value to the study on stability control of the surrounding rock of road-in packing for gob-side entry retaining in fully-mechanized caving face.
  • 裴岷山,张喜刚,朱斌,侯斌,刘昌鹏
    2009, 11(3): 26-30.
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    介绍了苏通大桥在设计过程中专门对斜拉索进行的测力试验情况,并与国外相关研究成果进行了对比,提出了斜拉索纵桥向风荷载阻力系数计算公式。该研究填补了我国桥梁抗风设计规范的空白,已被纳入《公路桥梁抗风设计规范》(JTG/T D60-01-2004),具有很高的实际指导意义。

  • Zhu Baoping, Zhang Kun
    2009, 11(3): 28-34.
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    The delay and delay variation-bounded multicast tree (DVBMT) problem is known to be NP-complete. In this paper, we propose an efficient distributed dynamic multicast routing algorithm to produce routing trees with delay and delay variation constraints. The proposed algorithm is fully distributed, and supports the dynamic reorganizing of the multicast tree in response to changes for the destination. Simulations demonstrate that our algorithm is better in terms of tree delay and routing success ratio as compared with other existing algorithms, and performs excellently in delay variation performance under lower time complexity, which ensures it to support the requirements of real-time multimedia communications more effectively.
  • 陈艾荣,马如进,王达磊
    2009, 11(3): 31-37.
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    以苏通大桥为背景,对超大跨径斜拉桥的空气动力学问题进行了研究,着重讨论了超大跨径斜拉桥的动力特性、风荷载、基于气弹模型的颤振导数识别、结构体系以及涡激振动特性等一系列问题。研究结果表明,考虑侧向风荷载作用下斜拉索的非线性效应之后,全桥结构的竖向刚度有折减现象。同时发现Fixed - Fixed体系是解决顺桥向风荷载的有效途径还提出了基于气弹模型的颤振导数识别方法,并就斜拉桥的涡激振动和雷诺数效应进行了探讨。

  • Zhang Jingyan1, Lu Weizhen2 , Huo Ran3
    2009, 11(3): 35-41.
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    通过比较烟囱效应诱导羽流与阳台溢流的形成机理,利用理论分析和一系列全尺寸实验,得到了烟囱效应诱导倾斜羽流轮廓的简化模型。结果显示:羽流轮廓两侧呈现轴对称分布,并且羽流半径与羽流高度近似成线性关系。烟囱效应诱导羽流轮廓和风洞中的倾斜羽流轮廓相似,火焰倾斜角度介于50~60度之间。
  • 任回兴,欧阳效勇,贺茂生,杨红,孙克强
    2009, 11(3): 38-43.
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    从建设条件、基础设计和施工等方面,介绍了苏通大桥主塔深水基础建设过程中在设计方面的部分考虑及施工过程中攻克深水、潮流、软基和通航等不利因素影响的一些方法,可供类似工程借鉴参考。

  • Luo Yong
    2009, 11(3): 42-46.
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    The method of mining protective layers is an effective means to prevent coal and methane outbursts. According to the theories of mining upper protective layer, it synthetically analyses the protected effectiveness by means of examining several parameters, finally it obtains the specific indexes and effectiveness of mining upper protective layer. The research has really applied worth and will give beneficial references to mining area with analogous conditions.
  • 何平,管义军,张雄文,张群,周建华
    2009, 11(3): 44-50.
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    从苏通大桥深水群桩基础结构方案出发,分析了冲刷及防护对大桥安全性的影响,进而从防护工程理念、结构设计与施工、防护效果监测等方面阐述了苏通大桥基础冲刷难题的解决方法。

  • Zhang Jiankun,Luo Weidong,Bai Dongmei
    2009, 11(3): 47-51.
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    房地产业作为一个开放的复杂系统,是一个受政策、经济、社会等因素影响较大的行业,目前我国房地产相关的研究大多集中在产业政策、市场、微观企业、房地产业与宏观经济互动关系等方面。本文运用自组织理论群中的耗散结构、协同学理论,研究房地产业自组织演化的条件、演化动力,并建立了协同学演化模型,计算出房地产业序参量。文章为房地产业的演化提供了新的研究方法,为政府正确地把握宏观调控方向提供依据。
  • 罗承斌,周建林,田唯,戴捷
    2009, 11(3): 51-56.
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    苏通长江公路大桥索塔为世界上建成的最高桥塔。索塔锚固区采用钢混组合结构,其构造及受力机制复杂,结构耐久性问题需高度关注;300 m 塔高使得结构对风和环境因素相当敏感;高塔施工的抗风安全尤为重要。从索塔锚固区设计、索塔形态控制、抗风安全 3 个方面介绍苏通大桥索塔工程设计与施工的关键技术。

  • Han Hetong1,2, Wang Qunshu1,2, Xia Liangbin1, Guan Xingyin1, Tan Xinjian1 ,Zhang Zichuan1
    2009, 11(3): 52-54.
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    A newly designed vacuum Compton gamma-ray detector with Ta-Al clad-metal electron converter plate is described. The detecting efficiency for 1.25MeV gamma-ray is 7.85�10-3 electron/, which is 2.5 times higher than that with Fe converter plate. The designed detector has the merits of well processed and static vacuum keeping and can be used for intense pulsed gamma ray detecting.
  • Tan Xinjian1,2,Ouyang Xiaoping2,Wang Qunshu2
    2009, 11(3): 55-58.
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    As the intensity of low-energy background gamma is much higher than the high-energy gamma, the detector that used for high-energy pulse gamma diagnosis must be more sensitive to high-energy gamma than that to low-energy background gamma. Base on theoretical calculation and Monte Carlo simulation, this paper proposes a new method for the diagnosing of 16.7MeV high-energy pulse gamma, named “scattering-absorbing method”. The ratio of the sensitivity of high-energy gamma to that of the low-energy background gamma can reach 106 to 108 by this new method. The sensitivity of 16.7MeV high-energy gamma ranges from 10-21 to 10-16C﹒cm2. It’s better than the traditional method which is based on the magnetic analyzer and Cherenkov detector on some aspects.
  • 丁峰,桑春明,周代义,白柄东
    2009, 11(3): 57-64.
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    重点介绍了宝钢集团公司在苏通大桥斜拉索用高强度镀锌钢丝的研制实践中,通过制造技术研究和技术创新,形成了“双张紧 + 限径模”工艺、“主导工艺 + 微调”整体优化、“三度控制”热镀锌操作等三大关键技术,生产制造出了高强度、低松弛、具有良好扭转性能的国产桥梁斜拉索用高强度(1 770 MPa 级)镀锌钢丝。

  • Xiao Siwen1, Liao Chuanjun1, Li Xuejun1, 2
    2009, 11(3): 59-65.
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    Wigner high-order spectra has the excellent characters of WVD and high-order spectra at the same time, which help itself to be suitable for attributing time-frequency features of non-stationary and time-varying signals. The characteristics of typical AE signals initiated by mechanical component damages are analyzed. Based on the extracting principle of AE signals from damaged components, the paper introduces Wigner high-order spectra to the field of feature extraction and fault diagnosis of AE signals. Some main performances of Wigner binary spectra, Wigner triple spectra and WVD are discussed, including of time-frequency resolution, energy accumulation, reduction of crossing items and noise elimination. Wigner triple spectra is employed to the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings with AE techniques. The fault features reading from experimental data analysis are clear, accurate and intuitionistic. The validity and accuracy of Wigner high-order spectra methods proposed agree quite well with simulation results. Simulation and research results indicate that wigner high-order spectra is quite useful for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in conjunction with AE technique, and has very important research and application values in feature extraction and faults diagnosis based on AE signals due to mechanical component damages.
  • 陈鸣,吴启和,罗承斌,周汉发
    2009, 11(3): 65-70.
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    苏通大桥为主跨1 088 m的钢箱梁斜拉桥,钢箱梁分为5部分:辅助跨、边跨及索塔区大块梁段,悬拼标准梁段,边、中跨合龙梁段。大块梁段在工厂组拼,用大型浮吊安装。由于通航净空高,传统桁架结构吊具难以满足国内现有浮吊吊高与吊重要求,所以提出苏通大桥超大、超重钢箱梁节段轻型吊索具结构,并介绍了吊索具设计与使用要点。标准梁段采用桥面吊机悬臂安装。由于主梁节段宽且重,加上桥区恶劣的气象和水文条件,以及斜拉索长索梁端牵引需要,对桥面吊机结构和性能提出了较高要求。介绍了苏通大桥集梁段吊装和拉索安装功能为一体的桥面吊机设

  • Lu Yan,Dong Jianjun,Cheng Hu
    2009, 11(3): 66-71.
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    Now construction of metro is developing quickly in China, and high requirements should be advanced on construction management of metro. So it’s necessary to research on construction management innovation of metro in China. Construction management innovation system of metro in China is put forward in this paper. Guidelines, objective system, new management ideas and contents of this construction management innovation system are set forth particularly. The construction management innovation system of metro can meet needs of building harmonious and economized society and realizing sustainable development in China, it is also important part of science & technology innovation system.
  • 饶华容,邓惠斌
    2009, 11(3): 71-74.
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    以苏通长江公路大桥为例介绍了千米级斜拉桥斜拉索安装方法及其施工要点。论述了斜拉索的桥面展开、塔端挂设、梁端牵引锚固以及PE保护等长索安装施工的关键技术问题。长索桥面的展开采用立式放索,梁端牵引锚固采用卷扬机、钢绞线以及张拉杆共同组成的三级组合牵引方式,长索张拉在梁端进行。

  • Yang Shuyi1, Liu Deshun1, Zhao Jiyun2, Wen Zejun1
    2009, 11(3): 72-77.
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    磁头驱动臂组件是硬盘驱动器内重要的机械部件,其冲击载荷下的动态响应是影响硬盘驱动器抗振性能好坏的主要指标。本文以2.5英寸移动硬盘驱动器组件为研究对象,在考虑枢轴轴承刚度影响的基础上,建立了驱动臂组件的三维有限元模型,分析了其各阶振动模态,并讨论了脉冲波形、脉冲幅值、脉冲宽度对磁头驱动臂组件动态响应的影响。
  • 陈鸣,罗承斌,吴启和,张永涛,游新鹏
    2009, 11(3): 75-80.
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    通过综合国外顶推合龙工艺和国内温度配切合龙工艺有点,提出了全新的顶推辅助合龙工艺,并介绍了顶推辅助合龙工艺实施条件、关键施工参数和主要工艺措施的计算分析要点以及实施情况。

  • Guo Chao1, Lu Bo2,Gong Weiming1,Qiu Hongxing1
    2009, 11(3): 78-83.
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    为了进一步研究桩基厚承台的受力性能和极限承载能力,共制作了4个缩尺比例为1:10的九桩承台模型试件并进行了竖向破坏性加载试验。对承台的破坏形式、荷载与位移关系、及承台内部应力进行了系统地分析。结果表明,4个承台的破坏形态均为冲切破坏,九桩承台内部力流符合空间桁架模型。此外,采用当前一些常用设计方法对承台的破坏荷载进行计算,并与试验值进行对比,结果表明空间桁架模型设计方法用于厚承台设计更为合理。
  • 赵雷,李乔,张鸿,卜一之
    2009, 11(3): 81-84.
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    按照苏通长江大桥实际的施工过程及其施工荷载分布,考虑施工过程的影响,建立全桥空间组合结构计算模型,用有限元法研究了主桥斜拉桥自索塔施工开始直到全桥合龙的各施工阶段的结构稳定安全系数及其失稳模态,对主桥钢箱梁架设施工过程中的结构稳定行为给出了综合评价。

  • Li Lezhong1, Li Xiangfang1, He Dongbo2,Xu Hanbing1
    2009, 11(3): 84-87.
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    低渗透气藏渗流机理不同于常规气藏,尤其是束缚水饱和度较高的低渗透气藏存在启动压力梯度,目前低渗气藏的产能方程均将由启动压力梯度引起的启动压降视为一个与产量无关的常数,实践证明目前方程存在较大误差。为此,文章基于低渗透气藏非达西低速稳定渗流微分方程,推导出启动压降的表达式,分析得出启动压降并非为绝对常数,而与测试产量有关,并以修正等时试井为例分析了目前产能方程的误差;最后通过对启动压降进行定积分的近似求解,得出考虑启动压力梯度的低渗透气藏气井新的产能方程,提出相应的修正等时试井资料的处理方法,实际应用表明,所提出的产能试井分析新方法具有实用价值。
  • 张鸿,罗承斌, 张永涛,游新鹏
    2009, 11(3): 85-91.
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    苏通大桥是目前世界上已建成的最大跨径斜拉桥,其主桥上部结构施工,主要包括边跨辅助跨以及索塔区大块梁段安装,标准梁段安装以及中跨合龙几个阶段。其中大块梁段采用浮吊整体吊装,标准梁段采用桥面双吊机系统进行吊装,中跨合龙采取顶推辅助合龙方法。同时在施工过程中采用了全过程自适应几何控制方法,通过全过程精确控制结构构件的无应力尺寸与形状,以及实现控制系统和被控制系统相适应来达到控制桥梁结构最终线形和内力的目标。为了解决长悬臂主梁风致振动条件下的测量问题,采用了包括基于GPS和基于全站仪的两种动态几何监测系统。对上部

  • Wang Changjiang1, Jiang Hanqiao1, Chen Minfeng1, Geng Zhanli2,Liu Pengfei1
    2009, 11(3): 88-92.
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    结合支持向量机和聚类理论对生产小层进行评价,考虑小层静、动态参数差异,选取平均渗透率、渗透率变异系数、流动能力、剩余可采储量、弱水淹系数、平均日产油、含水上升率、累积产液强度和产油效率指数作为小层评价指标,建立基于支持向量机和聚类理论的小层评价模型。以胜利油田胜坨21区块数据为例进行分析,根据计算结果,制定开发调整对策,并在该区块进行了现场应用,应用效果表明,相比于开发调整之前,区块月产油提高了7.6个百分点,综合含水率下降了8.9个百分点。从提高产量和控水效果的角度看,该方法用于改善高含水期水驱砂岩油藏开发效果具有经济适用性。
  • 俞春生,姚蓓,王茜
    2009, 11(3): 92-96.
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    在我国大型工程建设管理的过程中审时度势地融入文化的力量,必将为我国工程建设管理注入活力。工程文化是工程内容与文化形式有机统一的综合体,由于工程的时限性与一次性,使得工程文化体系的建设带有特殊性,通过对苏通大桥工程文化体系建设过程的研究,肯定了大型工程文化建设是工程管理的软实力,同时也在深入分析的基础上,对大型工程建设中构建工程文化体系进行了较为系统的思考,包括工程文化内涵的深刻认识、工程文化建设的原则、工程文化建设的内容以及如何有效地使工程文化快速形成和有效渗透等方面,为后续大型工程文化体系的建设提供了参

  • Wang Xiaoxiao1, Xu Minjie2
    2009, 11(3): 93-96.
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    An umbrella partnership real estate investment trust (UPREIT) is a kind of REIT that holds all or most of its properties through a partnership (typically called the \"operating partnership\") in which the REIT holds an interest. This paper will give an overview introduction about UPREIT to the audiences who are not related to real estate and accounting major. To show how UPREIT defer capital gain taxes, make good cash flow and maximize profit in real estate finance, the paper will include the theory and structure of UPREIT, partnership issues, advantage and disadvantage, and create a pro-forma to demonstrate how UPREIT work.

本期封面

2009年 第11卷 第3期